Does Culture or Illness Change a Smoker's Perspective on Cessation?

Im, Poureslami; Shum, Jessica; Cheng, Ngan Wan Ivy; Jm, FitzGerald

doi:10.5993/ajhb.38.5.3

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, findings from our previous qualitative smoking study (conducted with smokers from the same communities) were used in the development of the study design and measurement tool. 20 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing beliefs and risk perceptions on smoking and smoking cessation in immigrant Chinese adult smokers residing in Vancouver, Canada: a cross-sectional study

2015

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ObjectivesWe aimed to conduct culturally-based participatory research to assess cultural and belief contexts for smoking behaviours within Mandarin and Cantonese communities. Outcome variables were smoking-related knowledge, smoking patterns, attitudes and beliefs, and perceived barriers and facilitators to successful cessation.DesignA community-based approach was applied involving smokers, community key-informants and professionals in study design and implementation. Initially, focus groups were conducted and findings were used to develop study instrument. Participants responded once to study questionnaire after informed consent.SettingCommunity based in the Greater Vancouver Area, Canada.Participants16 Chinese smokers participated in focus groups and subsequently, 167 current Chinese immigrant (137 males and 30 females) smokers from Mandarin and Cantonese communities, recruited with the help of community agencies and collaborating physicians, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.ResultsWe found that a majority believed smoking was harmful on their health. Younger smokers (<35 years of age) did not mind smoking in front of young children compared to older smokers (≥35 years of age) (p<0.001). People with high school or lower levels of education believed that they would benefit more from smoking than suffering from withdrawal symptoms compared to better educated smokers (p<0.05). Mandarin smokers were significantly more likely to encourage others to quit than Cantonese smokers (p<0.05). Many indicated not receiving adequate support from care providers and lack of access to culturally and linguistically appropriate cessation programmes impacted on their ability to quit smoking.ConclusionsOur study highlighted the importance of tobacco beliefs and perceptions among Mandarin and Cantonese speaking immigrants with limited access to healthcare information and for younger smokers whose attention to health consequences of smoking may be limited as well. Study participants were generally aware of the health risks and were willing to quit. Access to appropriate cessation programmes would fulfil their willingness.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing beliefs and risk perceptions on smoking and smoking cessation in immigrant Chinese adult smokers residing in Vancouver, Canada: a cross-sectional study

2015

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“…The participants included predominately males (82%, n=137). The median age was 35 and we used this cut off point for younger/older groups, as used previously from our qualitative studies conducted with Chinese community smokers, [20] allowing us to identify these differences in perspective. 90 participants on the study were <35 years of age and 76 were 35 and …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The community researchers transcribed and translated focus group and interview discussions and we applied the collected information in the development of a study measurement tool and conceptual framework. In addition, findings from our previous qualitative smoking study (conducted with smokers from the same communities) were used in the development of the study design and measurement tool [20].…”

Section: Project Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the absence of a validated assessment questionnaire in the target languages, a new measurement tool was developed over a 4-month period. Development of the study measurement tool began with information collected from initial focus group sessions (n=3) and individual interviews (n=2), review of relevant literature that addressed knowledge of, attitudes to, and behaviors in relation to tobacco use, and also our previous smoking-related qualitative studies with Mandarin and Cantonese current and ex-smokers [20,21]. Moreover, a professional measurement tool developer (a PhD in the research and evaluation field from University of British Columbia) with expertise in developing mixed open-ended and closed-format questionnaires was involved in the face and content validation and finalization of the measurement tool.…”

Section: Study Measurement Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perception, Cultural Norm, and Self-Efficacy: Edges of Smoking Habit Triangle among Chinese Adult Smokers

FitzGerald

Poureslami²,

Shum³

2014

J Community Med Health Educ

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Objectives: We explored cultural and belief contexts for smoking habits within Mandarin and Cantonese speaking communities. The aim was to identify their perceived barriers and facilitators to successful cessation. We attempted to translate existing knowledge and our previous experience in designing a conceptual framework to conduct culturally-based participatory research. Methods:A mixed qualitative and quantitative approach was applied, involving community members, keyinformants, and professionals in the design and implementation of the cross-sectional research. Three focus groups were conducted with 16 smokers from the target communities to assess their viewpoints on study framework and measurement tool.Results: Participants were 167 current smokers, (137 males and 30 females) recruited with the help of community agencies and collaborating physicians. We assessed smoking patterns, beliefs, and perceptions and found a majority believed that smoking was harmful on their health. Younger smokers (<35 years of age) were more likely to not mind smoking in front of young children compared to older smokers (≥35 years of age) (p<0.001). People with high school or lower levels of education believed that they would benefit more from smoking than suffering from withdrawal symptoms compared to the higher educated smokers (p<0.05). Mandarin speaking smokers were significantly more likely to encourage others to quit than Cantonese speaking smokers (p<0.05). In addition, many indicated not receiving adequate support from their care providers and lack of access to culturally and linguistically appropriate cessation programs preventing their attempt to quit smoking. Conclusion:Our study highlighted the importance of tobacco control regulations for Mandarin and Cantonese speaking immigrants with limited access to healthcare information and for younger smokers whose attention to health consequences of smoking may be limited as well.Participants of this study were generally aware of the health risks and were willing to quit. Access to appropriate cessation programs would fulfill their willingness. Keywords: Smoking; Chinese communities; Beliefs; Risk perceptions; Smoking cessation Article Summary Strengths and limitations of this studyWe undertook a community-based participatory approach, with community key-informants and healthcare providers were heavily involved in all aspects of the study such as design, instrument development, implementation, community outreach, and dissemination. These key-stakeholders are important allies in developing culturally and linguistically appropriate smoking cessation interventions.Our study provides evidence that attitudes and beliefs of cigarette smoking differ between language, age, and gender groups. The differences with regards to tobacco smoking appear to be related to attitudes or knowledge.The results build a window of opportunity to promote tailored cessation interventions incorporating cultural beliefs, perceptions, and practices for Chinese immigrant communities.We used a conven...

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“…The development of the instrument is described in detail in our previous publication (Poureslami et al, 2014). Given the absence of a validated assessment questionnaire in the target languages, a new measurement tool was developed based on input from focus group sessions, a review of relevant literature, and previous smoking-related qualitative studies with Mandarin and Cantonese patients with asthma and/or COPD (Xu et .…”

Section: Measurement Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do Chinese people with COPD continue smoking: the attitudes and beliefs of Chinese residents of Vancouver, Canada

Poureslami¹,

Shum²,

FitzGerald³

2015

Divers Equal Health Care

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently one of the most common chronic lung diseases and a growing cause of global morbidity and mortality. Smoking is the most important risk factor for its development, and about 20% of smokers develop COPD. This study took place in Metro Vancouver, Canada. The aim of the study was to compare and contrast the smoking habits and associated beliefs among two groups of Chinese people after receiving a diagnosis of COPD: those who successfully stopped smoking and those who continued to smoking.Ninety one Mandarin or Cantonese speaking patients with COPD, of whom 24 were current smokers and 67 were former smokers, participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited with the assistance of primary care physicians and respirologists in the Metro Vancouver. Data were analyzed using hand coding for qualitative content analysis.Differences between the two groups were assessed.Smoking experience, social influences, addiction/habit, and the advantages and disadvantages of smoking were identified. In particular, differences between smokers and former smokers found in terms of beliefs that smoking helps relaxation and reduces COPD anxiety and stress, and that smoking is a psychological habit that cannot give up easily. Significant information on barriers to successful smoking cessation was also elucidated.This study suggests we need to first understand Chinese smokers' internal motivations to quit and then assist with culturally and linguistically relevant smoking cessation counselling. Further research is needed to determine if communication regarding tobacco use that is targeted toward the Chinese-speaking population in North America improves cessation rates.

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Does Culture or Illness Change a Smoker's Perspective on Cessation?

Abstract: Tobacco control clinics and care providers need to adopt culturally and linguistically relevant interventions to facilitate behavioral modifications and cessation in ethnic minority communities.

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Assessing beliefs and risk perceptions on smoking and smoking cessation in immigrant Chinese adult smokers residing in Vancouver, Canada: a cross-sectional study

Assessing beliefs and risk perceptions on smoking and smoking cessation in immigrant Chinese adult smokers residing in Vancouver, Canada: a cross-sectional study

Perception, Cultural Norm, and Self-Efficacy: Edges of Smoking Habit Triangle among Chinese Adult Smokers

Why do Chinese people with COPD continue smoking: the attitudes and beliefs of Chinese residents of Vancouver, Canada

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