“…Many researchers have investigated the behavior of firms' capital structure aiming at detecting whether pecking order or trade -off hypothesis can better explain this behavior, but their results are contradictory. Using various methods, some of them conclude that pecking order hypothesis is dominant (Macas Nunes & Serrasqueiro, 2017;Trinh et al, 2017;Pacheco, 2016;Balios et al, 2016;Atiyet, 2012;Sheikh et al, 2012;Vijayakumar, 2011), while others support the superiority of trade -off theory over pecking order hypothesis (Sardo & Serrasqueiro, 2017;Rossi et al, 2015;Wang, 2013). Below, some of these surveys are presented, while a much more detailed presentation may be seen in Martinez et al (2018).…”