Does exposure to parental substance use disorders increase offspring risk for a substance use disorder? A longitudinal follow-up study into young adulthood

Yule, Amy; Wilens, Timothy E.; Martelon, MaryKate; Rosenthal, Lindsay; Biederman, Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.01.021

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…AUD because the presence of a parent with AUD in the household is linked with high levels of conflict, aggression and violence (30)(31)(32). Studies on the effects of living with a parent with AUD are, however, inconclusive as higher risks of harmful drinking patterns and AUD has been found among offspring who live together with, as opposed to apart from, a parent with AUD in some studies (19,21,24), while no evidence for an association has been found in other studies (33,34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence indicates that offspring of parents with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at high risk of growing up in a non-intact family (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Previous research concerning family structures among offspring of parents with AUD has been based on single or few assessments at specific ages (19)(20)(21) or as single measures covering the entire upbringing (22)(23)(24). Family structures are, however, dynamic with many possible trajectories over time (7), and a detailed overview is therefore warranted to gain a more comprehensive understanding of whom offspring with parental AUD grow up with.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family structure and alcohol use disorder: a register‐based cohort study among offspring with and without parental alcohol use disorder

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family structure and alcohol use disorder: a register‐based cohort study among offspring with and without parental alcohol use disorder

et al. 2020

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“…Even when drug use is discontinued/controlled, psychological and relational dynamics underlying the development of parenting may be affected, limiting reflective parental functioning and challenging the quality of the parent–child relationship (57). Exposure to parental substance use eventually increases the risk of SUDs (61, 62) and other mental health problems in offspring (63, 64), which might install an intergenerational cycle of psychopathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal substance use can impact child development adversely, since it not only increases the risk for disruptive attachment patterns (73), but also for SUDs in offspring. Adverse childhood experiences, including growing up in a context of maternal substance use (74), predicts an earlier age of onset for alcohol (62, 75) and other drug use (76, 77), and increased odds for attempting suicide (78). A positive relationship was found between maternal substance use and the occurrence of child maltreatment, indicating a clear link with insecure attachment in children and adults (65).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mothering, Substance Use Disorders and Intergenerational Trauma Transmission: An Attachment-Based Perspective

2019

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Background: A growing body of research underlines that interpersonal trauma in childhood leads to heightened susceptibility for substance use disorders (SUDs) in later life. Little research has been conducted on parenting experiences of mothers in recovery from substance use, taking into account their own upbringing as a child and the potential aftermath of interpersonal childhood trauma. Methods: Through in-depth qualitative interviews, 23 mothers with SUDs reflected on parenting experiences and parent-child bonding, related to both their children and parents. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and data were analyzed adopting thematic analysis. Results: Throughout the narratives, consequences of trauma on mothers’ sense of self and its subsequent impact on parenting arose as salient themes. Five latent mechanisms of intergenerational trauma transmission were identified: 1) early interpersonal childhood trauma experiences in mothers; 2) trauma as a precursor of substance use; 3) substance use as a (self-fooling) enabler of parental functioning; 4) continued substance use impacting parental functioning; and 5) dysfunctional parental functioning and its relational impact upon offspring. Discussion: Findings suggest disruptive attachment can increase the vulnerability for SUDs on the one hand, but can be an expression of underlying trauma on the other, hence serving as a covert mechanism by which trauma can be transmitted across generations. Results indicate the need for preventive, attachment-based and trauma-sensitive interventions targeted at disruptive intergenerational patterns.

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“…Maternal, but not, paternal SUD increased the risk of alcohol use disorder in offspring. Although, paternal SUD is not shown to be protective against alcohol use disorder, it does not enhance risk (Yule et al, 2018). Looking forward, it would be beneficial if preclinical and human work parallel each other when investigating the role of paternal drug consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who's your daddy? Behavioral and epigenetic consequences of paternal drug exposure

Nieto

Kosten

2019

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Substance use disorders (SUDs) reflect genetic and environmental factors. While identifying reliable genetic variants that predispose individuals to developing SUDs has been challenging, epigenetic factors may also contribute to the heritability of SUDs. Familial drug use associates with a wide range of problems in children, including an increased risk for developing a SUD. The implications of maternal drug use on offspring development are a well‐studied area; however, paternal drug use prior to conception has received relatively little attention. Paternal exposure to several environmental stimuli (i.e. stress or diet manipulations) results in behavioral and epigenetic changes in offspring. The purpose of this review is to determine the state of the preclinical literature on the behavioral and epigenetic consequences of paternal drug exposure. Drug‐sired offspring show several developmental and physiological abnormalities. These offspring also show deficits in cognitive and emotional domains. Examining sensitivity to drugs in offspring is a growing area of research. Drug‐sired offspring are resistant to the rewarding and reinforcing properties of drugs. However, greater paternal motivation for the drug, combined with high drug intake, can result in addiction‐like behaviors in offspring. Drug‐sired offspring also show altered histone modifications and DNA methylation levels of imprinted genes and microRNAs; epigenetic‐mediated changes were also noted in genes related to glutamatergic and neurotrophic factor signaling. In some instances, drug use resulted in aberrant epigenetic modifications in sire sperm, and these changes were maintained in the brains of offspring. Thus, paternal drug exposure has long‐lasting consequences that include altered drug sensitivity in subsequent generations. We discuss factors (i.e. maternal behaviors) that may moderate these paternal drug‐induced effects as well as ideas for future directions.

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Does exposure to parental substance use disorders increase offspring risk for a substance use disorder? A longitudinal follow-up study into young adulthood

Abstract: Exposure to maternal SUD increases the risk for an alcohol use disorder in offspring ten years later in young adult years irrespective of ADHD status.

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Family structure and alcohol use disorder: a register‐based cohort study among offspring with and without parental alcohol use disorder

Family structure and alcohol use disorder: a register‐based cohort study among offspring with and without parental alcohol use disorder

Mothering, Substance Use Disorders and Intergenerational Trauma Transmission: An Attachment-Based Perspective

Who's your daddy? Behavioral and epigenetic consequences of paternal drug exposure

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