While residential buildings account for a small proportion of global energy consumption, their significance in terms of energy usage and environmental impact should not be underestimated, especially considering population growth and urbanization. Consequently, low-carbon building has gained popularity as a new architectural form. This article first presents a theoretical model with low-carbon building characteristics as the independent variable, consumer purchase intention as the dependent variable, and user experience as the mediating variable. Subsequently, data were collected through a survey questionnaire. Finally, regression analysis and sequential testing were used to examine the influence of low-carbon building characteristics on consumers’ housing purchase intentions and the mediating role of user experience. The findings reveal a significant positive influence of low-carbon building characteristics on consumer housing purchase tendency, with user experience playing a crucial mediating role. Therefore, real estate companies should prioritize the incorporation of low-carbon building characteristics and continuously enhance user experience in the design, development, and marketing of residential properties to increase consumer purchase intention. This research provides empirical evidence and theoretical support to elucidate the relationship between low-carbon buildings and consumer purchase intention in China.