2021
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12907-9
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Does fuel tax decrease carbon dioxide emissions in Turkey? Evidence from an asymmetric nonlinear cointegration test and error correction model

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Cited by 25 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…However, increasing the square of GDP by 1% will reduce CO 2 emissions by 0.438% (FMOLS) and 0.411% (DOLS). This finding is consistent with the studies of [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 91 ].…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 94%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, increasing the square of GDP by 1% will reduce CO 2 emissions by 0.438% (FMOLS) and 0.411% (DOLS). This finding is consistent with the studies of [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 91 ].…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 94%
“…Recent studies (such as [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] supported the validity of EKC hypothesis but was invalid in these studies (such as [ 15 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Furthermore, these studies appear to establish a different pattern of connection between economic growth and its environmental degradation, such as connection could be a U-shaped, N-shaped, and inverted-N shaped patterns which indicates that the environmental degradation could not be addressed automatically by economic growth.…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Esen and Dündar ( 2021 ) used the same methods for Turkey and found that energy taxes have a reducing effect on CO 2 emissions. Akkaya and Hepsag ( 2021 ), unlike Sarıgül and Topçu ( 2021 ) and Esen and Dündar ( 2021 ), examined the subject with nonlinear time series analysis. According to the empirical results obtained from the study, there is no relationship between fuel tax and CO 2 emissions in Turkey.…”
Section: Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a comprehensive examination of the relationship between ET and CO 2 emissions in Turkey, Sarıgül and Topçu [74], and Shahbaz et al [75] conducted an analysis using annual data spanning from 1994 to 2015, employing both fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) techniques, consistently demonstrating that ETs exerted a notable mitigating effect on CO 2 emissions. In contrast, Akkaya and Hepsag [76] adopted a distinctive approach, employing nonlinear time series analysis to investigate the subject and the discernible relationship between fuel taxes and CO 2 emissions in Turkey. This divergence underscores the intricacies of the relationship, warranting further exploration and consideration of nonlinear dynamics.…”
Section: Environmental Tax and Ecological Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%