Does gender influence cognitive function in non-psychotic depression?

Caldirola, Daniela; Sangiorgio, Erika; Riva, Alice; Grassi, Massimiliano; Alciati, Alessandra; Scialò, Chiara; Perna, Giampaolo

doi:10.1016/j.pmip.2017.10.002

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In this study, the aberrant activity in FPC and BA may be the s common neural basis for depression in both men and women. Furthermore, a signi cant difference in Oxy-Hb activation was found between male and female depression groups in both left and right dlPFC, indicating that female depression patients had more severe cognitive de cits than male depression patients, which was consistent with previous ndings that the dysfunction in dlPFC would cause different cognitive and executive functioning in MDD patients of different genders (Caldirola et al, 2017).A study indicated that female patients with rst-diagnosed, drugnaïve depression had more severe cognitive impairment in the visuospatial and constructional categories than did male patients (Caldirola et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2020). While a study pertinent to the gender variations in cortical thickness demonstrated that considerable localised cortical thickening in women was identi ed throughout, including in the superior frontal gyrus, where white matter contains bres of the dlPFC (Im et al, 2006).…”

Section: Changes In Oxy-hb Concentration During Vftsupporting

confidence: 90%

Shared and distinct prefrontal cortex activation between genders in depression individuals during verbal fluency task: evidence from one large sample of fNIRS studies

Zhang,

Zheng,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Cognitive impairment is a key characteristic of depression. While sex differences in various aspects of depression have been well-documented, fewer studies investigated gender differences in abnormal brain region activation during specific cognitive tasks. This study aimed to explore sex differences in cognitive deficits using fNIRS technology, providing neurobiological evidence for gender-specific therapy approaches. Methods 853 young adults participated in the study, 422 healthy individuals (224 male, 198 female) and 431 individuals with depression (233 male, 198 female). The average oxyhemoglobin levels in the prefrontal cortex were measured using a 53-channel fNIRS imaging device. Results Compared to male healthy controls, lower oxyhemoglobin activation was observed in the male depression group in the frontopolar cortex, Broca's area, and left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Similarly, lower oxyhemoglobin activation was found in the female depression group in the right BA, FPC, and left dlPFC compared to female healthy controls. Additionally, a significant difference in oxyhemoglobin activation was noted between male and female depression groups in the left and right dlPFC. Conclusion Females and males had similar but unique prefrontal brain activations. FPC and BA may be the shared neural basis, whereas dlPFC may be distinct underlying physiological mechanisms for depression between genders.

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Section: Changes In Oxy-hb Concentration During Vftsupporting

confidence: 90%

Shared and distinct prefrontal cortex activation between genders in depression individuals during verbal fluency task: evidence from one large sample of fNIRS studies

Zhang,

Zheng,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The genetic mechanisms of this phenomenon are being studied [ 68 , 69 ]. At the same time, in most studies [ 55 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ], with the exception of a few [ 74 ], the influence of gender on cognitive decline was not revealed. In contrast, our study revealed a significant influence of gender on cognitive impairment in PCD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Changes in Patients with Post-COVID Depression

Khodanovich,

Naumova,

Kamaeva

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Depression and cognitive impairment are recognized complications of COVID-19. This study aimed to assess cognitive performance in clinically diagnosed post-COVID depression (PCD, n = 25) patients using neuropsychological testing. Methods: The study involved 71 post-COVID patients with matched control groups: recovered COVID-19 individuals without complications (n = 18) and individuals without prior COVID-19 history (n = 19). A post-COVID depression group (PCD, n = 25) was identified based on psychiatric diagnosis, and a comparison group (noPCD, n = 46) included participants with neurological COVID-19 complications, excluding clinical depression. Results: The PCD patients showed gender-dependent significant cognitive impairment in the MoCA, Word Memory Test (WMT), Stroop task (SCWT), and Trail Making Test (TMT) compared to the controls and noPCD patients. Men with PCD showed worse performances on the SCWT, in MoCA attention score, and on the WMT (immediate and delayed word recall), while women with PCD showed a decline in MoCA total score, an increased processing time with less errors on the TMT, and worse immediate recall. No differences between groups in Sniffin’s stick test were found. Conclusions: COVID-related direct (post-COVID symptoms) and depression-mediated (depression itself, male sex, and severity of COVID-19) predictors of decline in memory and information processing speed were identified. Our findings may help to personalize the treatment of depression, taking a patient’s gender and severity of previous COVID-19 disease into account.

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“…Sex differences in executive control are observed in a wide array of illnesses. As neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (Heller et al., 2014; Reekes et al., 2020) and Alzheimer's disease (Li & Singh, 2014), as well as neuropsychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia (Goldstein et al., 1998; Vaskinn et al., 2011), autism, or autism spectrum disorder (Geary, 2018), and major depressive disorder (Caldirola et al., 2017) all exhibit sex differences, identification of sex‐specific mechanisms underlying executive control could provide important scientific understanding. As the current literature does not have a solid foundation in normative populations it is difficult to extrapolate and identify whether the sex differences in the abovementioned illnesses are due to pre‐existing sex‐specific mechanisms or illness‐specific mechanisms that are developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in executive control: A systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies

Gaillard

Fehring

Rossell

2021

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The number of studies investigating sex differences in executive functions, particularly those using human functional neuroimaging techniques, has risen dramatically in the past decade. However, the influences of sex on executive function are still underexplored and poorly characterized. To address this, we conducted a systematic literature review of functional neuroimaging studies investigating sex differences in three prominent executive control domains of cognitive set‐shifting, performance monitoring, and response inhibition. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched. Following the application of exclusion criteria, 21 studies were included, with a total of 677 females and 686 males. Ten of these studies were fMRI and PET, eight were EEG, and three were NIRS. At present, there is evidence for sex differences in the neural networks underlying all tasks of executive control included in this review suggesting males and females engage different strategies depending on task demands. There was one task exception, the 2‐Back task, which showed no sex differences. Due to methodological variability and the involvement of multiple neural networks, a simple overarching statement with regard to gender differences during executive control cannot be provided. As such, we discuss limitations within the current literature and methodological considerations that should be employed in future research. Importantly, sex differences in neural mechanisms are present in the majority of tasks assessed, and thus should not be ignored in future research. PROSPERO registration information: CRD42019124772.

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Does gender influence cognitive function in non-psychotic depression?

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Shared and distinct prefrontal cortex activation between genders in depression individuals during verbal fluency task: evidence from one large sample of fNIRS studies

Shared and distinct prefrontal cortex activation between genders in depression individuals during verbal fluency task: evidence from one large sample of fNIRS studies

Neurocognitive Changes in Patients with Post-COVID Depression

Sex differences in executive control: A systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies

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