Does Glutamine Supplementation Decrease the Response of Muscle Glutamine Synthesis to Fasting in Muscle in Adult and Very Old Rats?

Mignon, M; Lêvêque, Loïc; Bonnel, Emilie; Meynial-Denis, Dominique

doi:10.1177/014860710703100126

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, in the very old rats, decreased GS activity was only seen with Gln supplementation, with no effect of Gln supplementation observed in the fed state. In the very old rats, intramuscular Gln was depleted, resulting in the observed decrease in GS activity, in agreement with previous evidence indicating that sarcopenia is often associated with malnourishment [56].…”

Section: Supplementation With Glnsupporting

confidence: 92%

Utilization of Hydroxyl-Methyl Butyrate, Leucine, Glutamine and Arginine Supplementation in Nutritional Management of Sarcopenia—Implications and Clinical Considerations for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Modulation

Maykish

Sikalidis

2020

JPM

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While onset characteristics may vary, sarcopenia gradually develops over time as a result of the aging process, leading to muscle loss, disturbance of the muscle to fat ratio, and a variety of negative symptoms undermining the wellbeing, quality of life, and lifespan in the aging population globally. There is evidence that sarcopenia may be a cause and consequence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the aging population. The importance of nutritional management in the prevention and/or deceleration of sarcopenia is critical, with the main focus placed on the amount and quality of protein intake. Significant efforts are being made towards the development of medical nutrition therapies involving certain amino acids and amino compounds, as well as their combinations, for the improvement in muscle strength, muscle function and protein synthesis. This may reduce hospitalization times and hasten the recovery of patients with sarcopenia. The administration of protocols with varying dose and frequencies, as well as their efficacy, is being investigated. In the work herein, we present and evaluate data derived from human trials regarding the utilization of hydroxyl-methyl butyrate (HMB), L-leucine (Leu), L-glutamine (Gln) and L-arginine (Arg) supplementation for optimal management of sarcopenia in geriatric patients, a topic of significant clinical nutrition interest which may have important implications in T2DM status.

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Section: Supplementation With Glnsupporting

confidence: 92%

Utilization of Hydroxyl-Methyl Butyrate, Leucine, Glutamine and Arginine Supplementation in Nutritional Management of Sarcopenia—Implications and Clinical Considerations for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Modulation

Maykish

Sikalidis

2020

JPM

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“…Only glutamine supplementation was able to significantly decrease glutamine synthetase activity in the skeletal muscle of very old rats (27 months), whereas supplementation with other amino acids decreased upregulated glutamine synthetase activity in adult rats. 143 Five-month supplementation in rats. Supplementation with glutamine was the same as that given previously but was an intermittent oral supplementation given during the last 5 months of life (7 consecutive days each month).…”

Section: Effect Of Glutamine Supplementation On Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine metabolism in advanced age

Meynial-Denis

2016

Nutr Rev

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Glutamine, reviewed extensively in the last century, is a key substrate for the splanchnic bed in the whole body and is a nutrient of particular interest in gastrointestinal research. A marked decrease in the plasma glutamine concentration has recently been observed in neonates and adults during acute illness and stress. Although some studies in newborns have shown parenteral and enteral supplementation with glutamine to be of benefit (by decreasing proteolysis and activating the immune system), clinical trials have not demonstrated prolonged advantages such as reductions in mortality or risk of infections in adults. In addition, glutamine is not able to combat the muscle wasting associated with disease or age-related sarcopenia. Oral glutamine supplementation initiated before advanced age in rats increases gut mass and improves the villus height of mucosa, thereby preventing the gut atrophy encountered in advanced age. Enterocytes from very old rats continuously metabolize glutamine into citrulline, which allowed, for the first time, the use of citrulline as a noninvasive marker of intestinal atrophy induced by advanced age.

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“…Prolonged and strenuous exercise reduced circulating glutamine levels, possibly attributed to the enhanced uptake by the liver and other tissues and the reduced glutamine synthesis in the muscle [ 55 ]. A low level of circulating glutamine may reflect muscle loss, but glutamine supplementation does not seem to prevent sarcopenia [ 56 ]. Our data showed that glutamine level was positively associated with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Profiling of Age-Associated Metabolites in Malay Population

Tan

Zakaria

Gunasekaran

et al. 2023

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Aging is a complex process characterized by progressive loss of functional abilities due to the accumulation of molecular damages. Metabolomics could offer novel insights into the predictors and mechanisms of aging. This cross-sectional study is aimed at identifying age-associated plasma metabolome in a Malay population. A total of 146 (90 females) healthy participants aged 28–69 were selected for the study. Untargeted metabolomics profiling was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Association analysis was based on the general linear model. Gender-associated metabolites were adjusted for age, while age-associated metabolites were adjusted for gender or analyzed in a gender-stratified manner. Gender-associated metabolites such as 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, carnitine, cortisol, and testosterone sulfate showed higher levels in males than females. Deoxycholic acid and hippuric acid were among the metabolites with a positive association with age after being adjusted for gender, while 9(E),11(E)-conjugated linoleic acid, cortisol, and nicotinamide were negatively associated with age. In gender-stratified analysis, glutamine was one of the common metabolites that showed a direct association with age in both genders, while metabolites such as 11-deoxy prostaglandin F2β, guanosine monophosphate, and testosterone sulfate were inversely associated with age in males and females. This study reveals several age-associated metabolites in Malays that could reflect the changes in metabolisms during aging and may be used to discern the risk of geriatric syndromes and disorders later. Further studies are required to determine the interplay between these metabolites and environmental factors on the functional outcomes during aging.

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Does Glutamine Supplementation Decrease the Response of Muscle Glutamine Synthesis to Fasting in Muscle in Adult and Very Old Rats?

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Utilization of Hydroxyl-Methyl Butyrate, Leucine, Glutamine and Arginine Supplementation in Nutritional Management of Sarcopenia—Implications and Clinical Considerations for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Modulation

Utilization of Hydroxyl-Methyl Butyrate, Leucine, Glutamine and Arginine Supplementation in Nutritional Management of Sarcopenia—Implications and Clinical Considerations for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Modulation

Glutamine metabolism in advanced age

Metabolomics Profiling of Age-Associated Metabolites in Malay Population

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