Does Increasing Hydrostatic Pressure (“Bag Squeeze”) During Flexible Cystoscopy Improve Patient Comfort: A Randomized, Controlled Study

Gunendran, Thiru; Briggs, Robert H.; Wemyss-Holden, G. D.; Neilson, Donald

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2008.02.072

Cited by 40 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…So many studies had examined different methods to reduce male patients' discomfort, such as assessment of the volume of lidocaine, 10 increasing hydrostatic pressure by squeezing the irrigation solution bag, 11 cooled lignocaine gel, 12 simultaneous visualization, 13 application of nitrous oxide inhalation, 14 slow delivery of local anesthetics, 15 use of 740 ZHANG ET AL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music Reduces Panic: An Initial Study of Listening to Preferred Music Improves Male Patient Discomfort and Anxiety During Flexible Cystoscopy

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of Endourology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Music Reduces Panic: An Initial Study of Listening to Preferred Music Improves Male Patient Discomfort and Anxiety During Flexible Cystoscopy

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of Endourology

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“…Solely, the relationship between BMI and pain due to cystoscopy should be evaluated in further and larger series. Anatomically, distal urethra has a subepithelial plexus of nerves believed to provide only sensorial information [16]. Local anesthetic gels presumably act by these nerves (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anatomically, distal urethra has a subepithelial plexus of nerves believed to provide only sensorial information [16]. Local anesthetic gels presumably act by these nerves (16). Pharmacokinetically, the absorption of topical lidocaine is slow and incomplete, with a peak level at 15 to 60 minutes [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Predictive of Pain During Cystoscopy: A Prospective Study

Özdemır¹

2014

Ann Clin Anal Med

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ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışmada sistoskopi esnasında hastanın konforunu artıran ve ağrı duyusunu azaltan hasta özellikleri ve yöntemler arasındaki etkinlik farkı araş-tırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hem kanser hem de benign endikasyonlar nedeni ile sistoskopi yapılan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. İşlemler, sistoskopi esnasındaki ağrı ve rahatsızlık üzerindeki tecrübenin önemini belirtmek için, asistan ve diğer sağlık personellerine anlatılarak yapıldı. Hastalar sözlü anlatım yapılan ve sistoskopi görüntülerini yapan ürologla beraber ekrandan izlemek isteyip istemediklerine göre gruplara ayrıldı. Hastaların ağrıları 10 mm VAS skoruna göre değerlendirildi ve ağrı noktası lokalize edildi. Bulgular: Sistoskopi yapılan 146 hasta (99 rijid, 47 esnek) değerledirildi. Yaş ve VAS skorları arasında farklılık yoktu. Esnek sistoskopi esnasında ortalama VAS skoru rijide göre düşüktü. Univariate analizler gösterdi ki; düşük vücut kitle indeksi, klinisyen tarafından aynı anda hastaya detaylı anlatım yapılması, düşük klnisyen tecrübesi ve ilk sistoskopiler ağrı ile anlamlı derece ilişkili idi. En ağrılı durumlar, esnek sistoskopi esnasında lidokain instilasyonu ve rijid sistoskopi esnasında mesane yan duvarlarının görüntülenmesiydi. Tartışma: Teknik, esnek veya rijid sistoskopi, tecrübe ve ilk sistoskopi ağrıda önemli role sahiptir. Anahtar KelimelerEsnek; Rijid; Sistoskopi Abstract Aim: To determine the patient characteristics and surgical conditions which is associated with patient pain and discomfort during cystoscopic procedures. Material and Method: Consecutive patients who had a cystoscopy for cancerrelated and benign indications were included. Patients were randomized to undergo either rigid or flexible cystoscopy. Procedures were performed in a teaching setting that included residents and attending physicians to assess the impact of experience on pain/discomfort. Patients were further subdivided into the groups that were received detailed verbal explanation during the cystoscopy and allowed to watch the video screen together with the urologist during the procedure or not. Patients were asked to assess their pain on a 10-mm VAS after the procedure the location of the pain was noted. Results: A total of 146 outpatient cystoscopies (99 rigid, 47 flexible) were evaluated. There was no correlation between patients age and VAS scores. Mean VAS during flexible cystoscopy was lesser than rigid one. Univariate analysis showed that lower BMI, real time detailed verbal explanation by the physician, lesser physician experience and initial cystoscopies were significantly associated with painful cystoscopies. Lineer regression analysis confirmed that type of instrument, detailed verbal information, physicians experience-more than 3 years and history of previous cystoscopy were independent factors related to VAS scores. The most painful localizations were lidocaine injections during flexible cystoscopy whereas visualization of the side wall of the bladder for rigid technique. Discussion: Instrument type (flexible or rigid), explaining the procedu...

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“…[9] However some patients complain of discomfort and many studies showed that plain lubricating gel and anesthetic lubricating gel were used to lessen these symptoms. [10] The principal advantages of flexible cystoscopy are the ease of performance due to smaller calibre instruments, improved global visualisation of the bladder especially in men presumably due to urethral length and the angle required to inspect the bladder, enhanced patient comfort and tolerability. [8,11] Two percent lidocaine have been used as an intraurethral local anesthetic in urology practice since 1949.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2% Lidocaine gel or plain lubricating gel: Which one should be used in male flexible cystoscopy?

Akkoç

Kartalmiş²,

Aydın

et al. 2016

Turkish Journal of Urology

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Objective: To investigate and compare the effects on pain of intraurethral 2% lidocaine gel and plain lubricating gel in male patients underwent flexible cystoscopy. Material and methods:The data of 220 male patients who underwent flexible cystoscopy between March 2012 and August 2014 were retrospectively analized. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to using intraurethral gel types. Group I included 120 patients who were underwent flexible cystoscopy with 2% lidocaine gel and Group II was consisted from 100 patients who underwent flexible cystoscopy with plain lubricating gel. The groups were compared according to postprocedure data including pain score, procedure time and age of patients. Results:The mean age of the patients in Group I was 50.02±11.87 years while that in Group II was 52.03±13.37 years (p= 0.492). The mean procedure times were 6.02±0.787 and 6.28±0.689 minutes in Group I and Group II respectively (p= 0.061). Pain perception scores were not statistically different between the groups (Group I: 3.10±0.980, Group II: 3.34±0.789, p= 0.132). Conclusion:Use of intraurethral 2% lidocaine gel has no advantage over plain lubricating gel in regard to pain control during flexible cystoscopy in men.

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Does Increasing Hydrostatic Pressure (“Bag Squeeze”) During Flexible Cystoscopy Improve Patient Comfort: A Randomized, Controlled Study

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Music Reduces Panic: An Initial Study of Listening to Preferred Music Improves Male Patient Discomfort and Anxiety During Flexible Cystoscopy

Music Reduces Panic: An Initial Study of Listening to Preferred Music Improves Male Patient Discomfort and Anxiety During Flexible Cystoscopy

Factors Predictive of Pain During Cystoscopy: A Prospective Study

2% Lidocaine gel or plain lubricating gel: Which one should be used in male flexible cystoscopy?

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