Does Long-Term Unemployment Reduce a Person's Chance of a Job? A Time-Series Test

Jackman, Richard; Layard, Richard

doi:10.2307/2554977

Cited by 125 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although it may not be possible to derive a general explanatory theory from recent arguments in economic literature concerning long-term unemployment (Fougère, 2000), the research stresses individual determinants perceived as the cause of personal unemployability (Salognon, 2005): the strategic behaviour of the unemployed in the theory of job prospecting (Mortensen, 1977;Devine and Kiefer, 1991), deterioration of human capital as the period of unemployment increases (Pissarides, 1992;Coles and Masters, 2000), duration of unemployment itself (Jackman and Layard, 1991 ;Machin and Manning, 1999), or ex ante heterogeneity (Lockwood, 1991;Decreuse and di Paola, 2002). All in all, economic analysis of long-term unemployment has been restricted to the division between employable people and the rest, with companies having no role to play in the construction or destruction of employability but simply selecting already employable candidates.…”

Section: Introduction/issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reorienting companies' hiring behaviour: an innovative `back-to-work' method in France

Salognon

2007

Work, Employment and Society

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: Current 'back-to-work' programmes, particularly in France, tend to be built on a concept of personal responsibility for (long-term) unemployment and follow an 'adaptive' approach: improving the 'employability' of the unemployed, which is seen as an individual capacity, independent of the work and evaluation context. Our contribution justifies an alternative approach to back-to-work initiatives, so that society's share of responsibilities for long-term unemployment and social exclusion is taken into account within a collective, emergent and context-related conception of employability. Our study is based on observation of an innovative back-to-work programme in France (IOD) which seeks to change employers' assessment and recruitment practices to help vulnerable candidates who are generally discriminated against when seeking work. This interventionist approach aims to alter the demand side of the labour market and bring about changes in companies' practices to encourage more stable jobs and reduce selectivity in hiring.

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Section: Introduction/issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reorienting companies' hiring behaviour: an innovative `back-to-work' method in France

Salognon

2007

Work, Employment and Society

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“…Similarly, in the UK, previous unemployment was found to increase the probability of being unemployed (Arulampalam, Booth, and Taylor 2000;Gregg 2001;Narendranathan and Elias 1993). In addition, studies that examined the reemployment chances of unemployed individuals usually found that reemployment probability declines as unemployment duration prolongs (Böheim and Taylor 2000;Jackman and Layard 1991;Van den Berg and Van Ours 1994).…”

Section: Empirical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Unemployment, Conviction and Incarceration on Employment: A Longitudinal Study on the Employment Prospects of Disadvantaged Youths

Verbruggen¹

2015

CRIMIN

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This study aims to investigate the effects of a history of unemployment, conviction, and incarceration on the likelihood of being employed in a sample of disadvantaged youths. All youths (N=540) were institutionalized in adolescence. From age 18 to 32 official data were available on employment, convictions and incarceration. To control for unobserved heterogeneity, fixed effects models are used to estimate effects of unemployment, conviction, and incarceration on the likelihood of employment. Results show that for men, a criminal background does not damage employment prospects when a history of unemployment is taken

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“…There is a broad consensus in research that long duration of unemployment reduces the probability of re-employment (Calmfors 1994;Jackman and Layard 1991;Shimer 2008;Wolbers 2000). This circumstance is theoretically explained in two ways (Bean 1994;Jackman and Layard 1991;Phelps 1972;van der Velden et al 2001).…”

Section: The Role Of Active Labour Market Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This circumstance is theoretically explained in two ways (Bean 1994;Jackman and Layard 1991;Phelps 1972;van der Velden et al 2001). First, longterm unemployment causes a loss of human capital.…”

Section: The Role Of Active Labour Market Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Small differences matter: how regional distinctions in educational and labour market policy account for heterogeneity in NEET rates

Bacher

Koblbauer

Leitgöb

et al. 2017

J Labour Market Res

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Labour market and education policy makers and researchers are increasingly focusing on the NEET indicator as a supplement to the youth unemployment rate. Analyses of factors influencing NEET have concentrated primarily on individual characteristics such as gender and migration background on one hand, and on macro-level factors of nations such as economic growth and minimum wage regulations on the other. However, nations are not homogenous, especially when a country is divided into several federal states, as is the case with Austria. This article aims to analyse regional differences within Austria. In order to explain the differences, we define a multilevel model that contains four contextual factors: the importance of upper secondary education; the importance of dual education; vacant jobs; and expenditures for active labour market policy. Because the institutional level addresses different age groups, the analysis was split into two age groups: 15-19 and 20-24 years. The results have shown that, besides the social structure of the population, contextual factors like the upper secondary education, the dual education, vacant jobs, and expenditures for active labour market policy are also relevant for explaining regional differences in the NEET rates. But one main insight was that the impact of the contextual factors varies between different social groups.© The Author(s) 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Does Long-Term Unemployment Reduce a Person's Chance of a Job? A Time-Series Test

Cited by 125 publications

References 6 publications

Reorienting companies' hiring behaviour: an innovative `back-to-work' method in France

Reorienting companies' hiring behaviour: an innovative `back-to-work' method in France

Effects of Unemployment, Conviction and Incarceration on Employment: A Longitudinal Study on the Employment Prospects of Disadvantaged Youths

Small differences matter: how regional distinctions in educational and labour market policy account for heterogeneity in NEET rates

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