Does Low Birth Weight Predict Obesity/Overweight and Metabolic Syndrome in Elementary School Children?

Hirschler, Valeria; Bugna, Jimena; Roque, Maria I. Vazquez; Gilligan, T. A.; Gonzalez, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.08.003

Cited by 82 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The relationship between birth weight and obesity has often been called into question in this regard, and previous investigations have produced conflicting results: low birth weight (LBW, i.e., birth weight \2,500 g) or high birth weight (HBW, i.e., birth weight [4,000 g) are both at increased risk [6][7][8]. The positive association of HBW with childhood obesity has been confirmed in some studies [9,10], but others have found that LBW is not associated with overweight/obesity in children [11,12]. Another factor associated with increased risk of obesity is short sleep duration: children who slept for 8 h or less were 2.2 times more likely to be overweight/ obese [4,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Risk factors of overweight and obesity among preschool children with different ethnic background

Toselli

Zaccagni

Celenza³

et al. 2014

Endocrine

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In this study, we evaluated the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in 2,640 preschool children in Italy taking into account the ethnic background of the parents. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Personal and lifestyle data for the children (birth weight, type of breastfeeding, sleep duration, skipping breakfast, snacking, physical activity) and parents (ethnicity, educational level, occupation, weight, height) were collected by means of a questionnaire. Italian and Other European children generally showed the highest percentage of normal weight, while the other ethnic groups presented a greater imbalance. Overweight and obesity were high in African males, who also presented high birth weight. Breastfeeding was most common, although formula feeding was significantly higher in Italians than in immigrants. Immigrants, particularly males, tended to skip breakfast more than Italians. Physical activity was significantly higher in Italians than in immigrants. In the parents, underweight was particularly high in Italian and Other mothers. African parents had high rates of overweight and obesity and a low educational level. The most common profession was worker for the fathers and housewife for the mothers, with the exception of Italians in which clerical work prevailed. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the BMI of children was closely related to the BMI of the parents and the birth weight. Hence, these are the most informative parameters in preventing obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Risk factors of overweight and obesity among preschool children with different ethnic background

Toselli

Zaccagni

Celenza³

et al. 2014

Endocrine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported that LBW was a protective factor against overweight or obesity in infancy, particularly in girls [35], or in childhood [36]. Hirschler et al [36] showed that by school age, LBW children of both sexes had almost 70% lower odds of being overweight or obese. Other investigators have demonstrated higher BMIs in females born at low birth weights [37] and higher rates of obesity in LBW adults [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underweight and Obesity in Low Birth Weight Children in Early Infancy in Japan

Kato¹,

Kubota²,

Saito³

et al. 2015

FNS

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Introduction: Although there are several reports on the prevalence of underweight or obesity in low birth weight (LBW, <2.5 kg) children, there are few longitudinal studies from birth to early infancy. Methods: We enrolled 177 (93 boys) LBW and 2485 (1267 boys) normal birth weight (NBW, ≥2.5 and <4.0 kg) children. Height and weight data at birth and at 1.5, 3.5, and 5 years were obtained from mother-health child records. Underweight and obesity were defined as <5 th percentile and ≥90 th percentile of the body mass index (BMI), respectively, based on reference values for Japanese children. Results: LBW children had accelerated growth from birth to age 3.5 years, but at Age 5, both sexes had significantly lesser height and weight z-scores, with notably lesser BMI percentile scores for girls, compared with NBW children. The prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in the LBW children throughout the study period. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of obesity between the two groups, except for at birth. Multiple regression analysis revealed that small-for-gestational age was associated with underweight at Age 5 years. Conclusions: This study indicates that, up to Age 5, underweight is a more serious problem than obesity in LBW children. Our results suggest that careful observation of growth from early infancy is necessary to prevent the occurrence of underweight in early infancy.

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“…Experimental studies in humans are rare, but observational studies in humans have shown that gestational diabetes or excessive gestational weight gain is associated with fetal overnutrition and elevated birth weight, which predict later offspring obesity; elevated maternal pre-pregnancy weight status is also positively associated with higher birth weight and later obesity risk. [33][34][35][36][37] Cole and colleagues 38 describe two ways to end up with an overweight phenotype: by starting out large or by growing fast. Links between fetal overnutrition and obesity risk take on particular significance in countries where obesity is prevalent among adult women of childbearing age, as in the United States, where two-thirds of adults are overweight or obese, 39 and gestational weight gain guidelines are frequently exceeded.…”

Section: Prenatal Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental influence on children's early eating environments and obesity risk: implications for prevention

2010

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Most childhood obesity prevention efforts have focused on school-age children and adolescents and have had limited success. We argue that the first years of life, including the prenatal period, the postnatal suckling period and the transition to the modified adult diet, may provide opportunities for preventive interventions. These early periods are characterized by high plasticity and rapid transitions, and parents have a high degree of control over children's environments and experiences. Observational and experimental evidence reveal persistent effects of early environments on eating behavior and obesity risk, suggesting that interventions should be tested during these early periods. The central task parents have in early development points to their potential as key targets and agents of change in early preventive interventions. In this paper, we review evidence of early environmental effects on children's eating and obesity risk, highlighting ways that parental feeding practices and parents' own behaviors impact these outcomes and calling for further experimental research to elucidate whether these factors are indeed promising targets for childhood obesity preventive interventions.

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Does Low Birth Weight Predict Obesity/Overweight and Metabolic Syndrome in Elementary School Children?

Cited by 82 publications

References 41 publications

Risk factors of overweight and obesity among preschool children with different ethnic background

Risk factors of overweight and obesity among preschool children with different ethnic background

Underweight and Obesity in Low Birth Weight Children in Early Infancy in Japan

Parental influence on children's early eating environments and obesity risk: implications for prevention

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