Does Metformin Satisfy as an Option for Host-Directed Therapy in COVID-19?

Abstract

: Metformin is a dimethyl biguanide known for its anti-hyperglycemic effects since 1922 and thus has been used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Apart from this, its function as an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antithrombotic and anti-microbial agent has also been studied largely. Its effect via inhibition of respiratory complex 1 and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) in the mitochondria and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and activation of Adenosine Mono Phosphate dependent kinase (AMPK) in the cytoplasm are its already known mechanisms of action. The newer proposed effect on endosome/lysosome regulation via Na+/H+ exchangers and VATPase thereby affecting autophagy, coupled with its use in ARDS owing to its immunomodulatory effects and anti-viral action, we hypothesize the use of Metformin against the novel Coronavirus.

Be vigilant in treating a patient with diabetes and COVID-19-associated mucormycosis

“…Metformin has antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties and can be given to diabetics patients with CAM. [ 9 ] Insulin doses will vary depending on the steroid type, duration and frequency of administration. [ 10 ] It would be helpful if the study addressed patients on oral hypoglycaemic medications, patients on insulin and patients who converted to insulin after therapy.…”