Does molar‐incisor hypomineralization (MIH) affect only permanent first molars and incisors? New observations on permanent second molars

Abstract

Background:The second permanent molar plays an important role when considering extraction of first permanent molars severely affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Aim: To assess the association between MIH and enamel hypomineralization of the second permanent molars in terms of presence and severity. Design: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, permanent teeth were evaluated in 453 patients between the ages of 13 and 16 at a dental clinic, using intraoral photographs. A calibrated examiner classified enamel hypomineralization using the MIH index and dental caries experience using the DMFT and DMFS indices. Statistical analyses were performed using a linear generalized model and ordinal logistic regression. Results:The most commonly affected teeth by enamel hypomineralization were permanent molars, whereas incisors, premolars, and canines were less affected. The presence of severe defects in the first permanent molars was associated with mild defects in the second permanent molars (OR = 4.01; 95% CI: 2.50-7.77). Enamel hypomineralization was associated with increased caries experience (PR = 5.54; 95% CI: 3.81-9.06). Conclusion:Enamel hypomineralization mainly affects the first and second permanent molars. Mild defects in the second permanent molars tend to be more frequent in patients with severe MIH in the first permanent molars. The presence of enamel hypomineralization was associated with higher dental caries experience.

Association between hypomineralization of deciduous and molar incisor hypomineralization and dental caries

“…These findings also help establish a prognosis and plan preventive strategies and monitoring to avoid complex and costly restorative procedures for the patient and those responsible. Besides, they support the results of other studies that have demonstrated the association between MIH and DDE in other permanent teeth (24,25). In terms of severity, de Farias et al reported that mild hypomineralizations in the second permanent molar were more frequent when the first permanent molar presented severe MIH (OR= 4.01; 95% CI: 2.50 7.77) (24).…”

Clinical Management of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Affected Molars in a Pediatric Patient Including Endodontic Treatment, Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…2 Reports have also indicated that the second primary molars, second permanent molars, and the tips of the permanent canines can be involved. 3 …”

“…MIH is a prevalent dental condition that effect up to 25% of children worldwide. 3 Its exact etiology remains uncertain. 1 , 3 In general, enamel hypomineralization is caused by a disturbance in the function of ameloblast cells during any of the amelogenesis stages.…”

“… 3 Its exact etiology remains uncertain. 1 , 3 In general, enamel hypomineralization is caused by a disturbance in the function of ameloblast cells during any of the amelogenesis stages. However, it is believed that MIH is due to multifactorial systemic factors that contribute to enamel hypomineralization.…”

“… 4 Studies show that children born premature or who had poor general health in their early life are at greater risk of developing MIH. 3 , 4 Antibiotic use during early life has also been linked to MIH. However, due to the concurrence of disease and antibiotic therapy, it is difficult to determine whether the MIH was caused by the disease or the antibiotic.…”