Does Muscle Atrophy and Fatty Infiltration Plateau or Persist in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury?

Moore, Cameron; Craven, B. Catharine; Thabane, Lehana; Παπαϊωάννου, Αλεξάνδρα; Adachi, Jonathan D.; Giangregorio, Lora

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2017.06.001

Cited by 50 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…During satellite cell isolation, we attempted to filter out nonsatellite cells by allowing their attachment, although a formal assessment of purity was not performed. Our study included spinal cord-injured participants after a longstanding (>1 year) injury, a period when skeletal muscle has undergone dramatic skeletal muscle atrophy (Moore et al 2015). We show that satellite cells do not mirror such prominent changes when grown in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Retained differentiation capacity of human skeletal muscle satellite cells from spinal cord-injured individuals

et al. 2018

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Despite the well‐known role of satellite cells in skeletal muscle plasticity, the effect of spinal cord injury on their function in humans remains unknown. We determined whether spinal cord injury affects the intrinsic ability of satellite cells to differentiate and produce metabolically healthy myotubes. We obtained vastus lateralis biopsies from eight spinal cord‐injured and six able‐bodied individuals. Satellite cells were isolated, grown and differentiated in vitro. Gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR. Abundance of differentiation markers and regulatory proteins was determined by Western blotting. Protein synthesis and fatty acid oxidation were measured by radioactive tracer‐based assays. Activated satellite cells (myoblasts) and differentiated myotubes derived from skeletal muscle of able‐bodied and spinal cord‐injured individuals expressed similar (P > 0.05) mRNA levels of myogenic regulatory factors. Myogenic differentiation factor 1 expression was higher in myoblasts from spinal cord‐injured individuals. Desmin and myogenin protein content was increased upon differentiation in both groups, while myotubes from spinal cord‐injured individuals contained more type I and II myosin heavy chain. Phosphorylated and total protein levels of Akt‐mechanistic target of rapamycin and forkhead box protein O signalling axes and protein synthesis rate in myotubes were similar (P > 0.05) between groups. Additionally, fatty acid oxidation of myotubes from spinal cord‐injured individuals was unchanged (P > 0.05) compared to able‐bodied controls. Our results indicate that the intrinsic differentiation capacity of satellite cells and metabolic characteristics of myotubes are preserved following spinal cord injury. This may inform potential interventions targeting satellite cell activation to alleviate skeletal muscle atrophy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Our study included spinal cord‐injured participants after a longstanding (>1 year) injury, a period when skeletal muscle has undergone dramatic skeletal muscle atrophy (Moore et al. ). We show that satellite cells do not mirror such prominent changes when grown in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retained differentiation capacity of human skeletal muscle satellite cells from spinal cord-injured individuals

et al. 2018

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“…decreased muscle cross-sectional area (atrophy), and muscle fat infiltration (MFI)). 9–11 While atrophy and MFI of lower extremity musculature can be quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 5,12 their directional relationship to the damaged area of the cervical cord and ambulatory status are largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…walking ability, 27 decreased lower extremity maximum torque output, 4 decreased muscle cross-sectional area (atrophy) distal to the injury site, 12 and muscle fat infiltration 9–11 ) may be realized. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to use high resolution axial T2-weighted MRI to quantify spinal cord edema in participants with iSCI, and to relate this metric of cord damage to walking ability (6-minute walk test and daily stride count), lower extremity torque production, lower extremity muscle CSA, and MFI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulatory function in motor incomplete spinal cord injury: a magnetic resonance imaging study of spinal cord edema and lower extremity muscle morphometry

et al. 2017

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Study Design This research utilized a cross-sectional design. Objectives Spinal cord edema length has been measured with T2-weighted sagittal MRI to predict motor recovery following spinal cord injury. The purpose of our study was to establish the correlational value of axial spinal cord edema using T2-weighted MRI. We hypothesized a direct relationship between the size of damage on axial MRI and walking ability, motor function, and distal muscle changes seen in motor incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Setting University based laboratory in Chicago, IL USA. Methods Fourteen participants with iSCI took part in the study. Spinal cord axial damage ratios were assessed using axial T2-weighted MRI. Walking ability was investigated using the 6-minute walk test and daily stride counts. Maximum plantarflexion torque was quantified using isometric dynomometry. Muscle fat infiltration (MFI) and relative muscle cross sectional area (rmCSA) were quantified using fat/water separation magnetic resonance imaging. Results Damage ratios were negatively correlated with distance walked in 6 minutes, average daily strides, and maximum plantarflexion torque, and a negative linear trend was found between damage ratios and lower leg rmCSA. While damage ratios were not significantly correlated with MFI, we found significantly higher MFI in the wheelchair user participant group compared to community walkers. Conclusions Damage ratios may be useful in prognosis of motor recovery in spinal cord injury. The results warrant a large multi-site research study to investigate the value of high-resolution axial T2-weighted imaging to predict walking recovery following motor incomplete spinal cord injury.

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“…Approximately 750,000 new cases of traumatic spinal injury occur annually worldwide . Severe spinal cord trauma results in permanent loss of sensorimotor and autonomic functions leading to drastic changes in the performance of activities of daily living, psychosocial status, body composition, cardiometabolic fitness, and self‐perceived quality of life . Once vital signs and the vertebral column are stabilized following the spinal cord injury (SCI), standard of care practices consist of compensation strategies applied during physical rehabilitation to maximize independence during daily activities such as transferring to and from a wheelchair, as well as bathing, dressing, and eating .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Epidural Electrical Stimulation to Facilitate Sensorimotor Network Functionality After Spinal Cord Injury

Calvert

Grahn

Zhao

et al. 2019

Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface

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Does Muscle Atrophy and Fatty Infiltration Plateau or Persist in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury?

Cited by 50 publications

References 68 publications

Retained differentiation capacity of human skeletal muscle satellite cells from spinal cord-injured individuals

Retained differentiation capacity of human skeletal muscle satellite cells from spinal cord-injured individuals

Ambulatory function in motor incomplete spinal cord injury: a magnetic resonance imaging study of spinal cord edema and lower extremity muscle morphometry

Emergence of Epidural Electrical Stimulation to Facilitate Sensorimotor Network Functionality After Spinal Cord Injury

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