Does overwintering change the inoculum effect on methane emissions from stored liquid manure?

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially methane (CH4), from manure storage facilities can be substantial. Methane production requires adapted microbial communities (“inoculum”) to be present in the manure. Complete removal of liquid dairy manure (thus removing all inoculum) from storage tanks in the spring has been shown to significantly reduce CH4 emissions over the following warm season. This study examined whether the same mitigation effect would occur after fall removal of liquid dairy manure. Emissions of CH4, nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3), and CO2 were measured from six 11.88‐m3 tanks equipped with flow‐through chambers. There were three inoculated controls (20% inoculum) and three uninoculated treatments, where inoculum was completely removed in the fall/winter (0% inoculum). Direct N2O and NH3 (indirect N2O) were minor contributors to the total GHG budget, contributing <2% on a CO2 equivalent (CO2e) basis. Removal of inoculum led to a 34% decrease in total emissions on a CO2e basis and to a 29% decrease in the CH4 conversion factor compared with the inoculated control (0.37 vs. 0.52; p = .01). Overall, removing inoculum in the fall reduced CH4 emissions from manure storage tanks; however, fall inoculum removal was less effective than in a previous study where inoculum was removed in the spring. The timing of inoculum removal may affect the efficiency of this CH4 mitigation strategy. However, this method may be impractical for larger manure storage tanks. Further study is required to overcome challenges of time‐sensitive, complete inoculum removal from farm‐scale storage tanks.

Frequent Export of Pig Slurry for Outside Storage Reduced Methane But Not Ammonia Emissions in Cold and Warm Seasons

“…The summer experiment was the first of four production cycles and was initiated after a period of several months without animals in the housing facility. Lower in-house CH 4 emissions from pig slurry in the summer compared to the winter experiment (Table 4) indicate that the batch of older slurry material, left in the pit to serve as a methanogenic inoculum (Habtewold et al, 2018;Haeussermann et al, 2006;Le Riche et al, 2020), was less active than expected, and a reduced ability of methanogens to inoculate the fresh material could thus have influenced the level of subsequent outside CH 4 emissions.…”