Does Penicillin Kill Bacteria?

Shockman, Gérald D.; Daneo-Moore, L; Cornett, J B; Mychajlonka, Myron

doi:10.1093/clinids/1.5.787

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Cefoxitin and cephalothin seem to affect an event approximately 12 min before division and correspond- ing to onset of the D2 phase (Fig. 3) We interpret the results of these studies in terms of a general model for 13-lactam sensitivity in bactenia (14,15 (7,8) OL. 165,1986 by the fact that even though some sites formed with inhibited PBP2 can divide, the peripheral wall of these sites is somewhat distorted, being much more elongated than normal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Since different P-lactam antibiotics had an effect on cell division and pleomorphic effects, and at least two drugs appeared to act in synergy, the possibility was considered of two different block points in the cell division cycle. Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the cell division cycle of S. faecium (5,14). By examining the number of residual cell divisions which continue in a cell population after induction 1-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS INHIBIT S. FAECIUM CELL CYCLE of a block, the timing of the block in the cycle can be estimated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism(s) by which P-lactam antibiotics kill bacteria is probably more complex than originally believed (14,18). Investigators of Escherichia coli and other bacteria have shown that several different targets are inhibited by these antibiotics.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of beta-lactam antibiotics at two different times in the cell cycle of Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790

Pucci¹,

Hinks²,

Dicker³

et al. 1986

J Bacteriol

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Treatment of Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790 with sublytic concentrations of beta-lactam antibiotics revealed two different division blocks in the cell division cycle. One block, induced by N-formimidoyl thienamycin and methicillin, occurred before the completion of chromosome replication, whereas the other, induced by cefoxitin and cephalothin, took place later in the cycle. In addition, these antibiotics gave rise to distinct morphological forms; the antibiotics acting at the earlier block point produced mainly "dumbbells," whereas those affecting the later time formed "lemons." When used in combination N-formimidoyl thienamycin and cefoxitin exerted synergistic killing on this strain. These data suggest that beta-lactam antibiotics have at least two sites of action in S. faecium.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of beta-lactam antibiotics at two different times in the cell cycle of Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790

Pucci¹,

Hinks²,

Dicker³

et al. 1986

J Bacteriol

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“…Work from Shockman's laboratory (39,52) showed that Streptococcus mutans is normally tolerant to lactams that block its growth. Experimental data that show that the tolerance resulted from the high level of strength and the integrity of the murein wall were presented.…”

Section: Experimental Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autolysis Control Hypotheses for Tolerance to Wall Antibiotics

Koch

2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…The difficulty, however, was partially overcome by the development of several techniques involving addition of high concentrations of salt (4), high pH (14), or detergent to cause lysis of lysozyme-treated cells (2). On the other hand, the search for enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cell walls or intact cells of S. mutans indicated that the L-ll enzyme of a Flavobacterium species (9), the M-l enzyme of Streptomyces globisporus (16) and the H-402 enzyme from Streptomyces griseus (17) could cause lysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lysis of Streptococcus mutans with Achromopeptidase and Release of Osmotically Fragile Bodies

Ota

Kiso

Fukui

1982

Microbiology and Immunology

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Until recently research on the genetics, metabolism and membrane structure of Streptococcus mutans has been hampered by the resistance of this bacterium to enzymatic hydrolysis (3). The difficulty, however, was partially overcome by the development of several techniques involving addition of high concentrations of salt (4), high pH (14), or detergent to cause lysis of lysozyme-treated cells (2). On the other hand, the search for enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cell walls or intact cells of S. mutans indicated that the L-ll enzyme of a Flavobacterium species (9), the M-l enzyme of Streptomyces globisporus (16) and the H-402 enzyme from Streptomyces griseus (17) could cause lysis. Only a few of these enzymes enabled a few investigators to succeed in the formation of protop lasts or osmotically fragile bodies from S. mutans (13, 15) opening opportunities for many types of studies. The present paper describes a new enzyme preparation, achromopeptidase (TBL-l, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan) capable of hydrolyzing intact cells as well as cell walls of S. mutans, its serotype-dependent sensitivity to the enzyme and successful formation of osmotically fragile bodies from this bacterium.Strains of Streptococcus mutans used were HSI (serotype a), FAI (serotype b), Ingbritt (serotype c), OMZ 176 (serotype d), LM 7 (serotype e), SE 17 (serotype f), and OMZ 65 (serotype g). All strains were gifts from Dr. Shigeyuki Hamada (National Institute of Health of Japan, Tokyo). Each strain of these bacteria was cultivated in brain heart infusion broth (BHI, Difco) at 37 C for 15 hr. Bacterial cells were harvested and washed three times by centrifugation in a 0.01 M Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 8.0) containing 0.01 M NaCl. The cells were resuspended in the buffer solution to give an optical density (O.D.) reading of about 0.5 at 660 nm in a Bausch and Lomb spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Seisakusho, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). The reaction was started by incubating the cell suspension at 37 C in a total volume of 5.0 ml with achromopeptidase at a concentration of 100 to 1,600 ftg per ml. At intervals, a decrease in turbidity was followed by measurement of O.D. at the same wavelength. To obtain purified cell walls of each serotype, cells were treated for 12 min in a glass bottle with glass beads (0.1 mm in diameter) in a B. Braun disintegrator (Melsungen, West Germany). The cell wall fraction was purified by differential centrifugation of the treated cells in a solution of 1.0 M NaCl containing 1.0% Triton X-lOO. The fraction was further subjected to repeated 957

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Does Penicillin Kill Bacteria?

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Inhibition of beta-lactam antibiotics at two different times in the cell cycle of Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790

Inhibition of beta-lactam antibiotics at two different times in the cell cycle of Streptococcus faecium ATCC 9790

Autolysis Control Hypotheses for Tolerance to Wall Antibiotics

Lysis of Streptococcus mutans with Achromopeptidase and Release of Osmotically Fragile Bodies

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