Does prior acute exercise affect postexercise substrate oxidation in response to a high carbohydrate meal?

Long, Wiley; Wells, Katherine; Englert, Virginia; Schmidt, Stacy L.; Hickey, Matthew S.; Melby, Christopher L.

doi:10.1186/1743-7075-5-2

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Conversely, TE significantly decreased the rate of carbohydrate oxidation at 1 h postprandial, total carbohydrate oxidized and total postprandial carbohydrate oxidized. Our data are consistent with previous findings of exercise decreasing carbohydrate utilization in the recovery period (Long et al., ). Overall, our data suggest that TE involving the movements and loads employed here affects resting and postprandial metabolic responses by increasing the rate of fat oxidation and lowering the rate of carbohydrate oxidation following a high fat meal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Tabata‐style functional exercise increases resting and postprandial fat oxidation but does not reduce triglyceride concentrations

Pearson

Olenick

Green

et al. 2020

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study?What are the metabolic impacts of high intensity functional Tabata exercise? What is the main finding and its importance?Tabata exercise with high intensity functional movements causes increases in fasted and postprandial fat oxidation the day after exercise without altering postprandial triglyceride concentrations. These results support the usage of a Tabata‐style high intensity functional exercise to improve postprandial fat oxidation. Abstract We evaluated the effect of a high fat meal with and without prior high intensity functional exercise executed in a Tabata‐style interval pattern on resting and postprandial substrate oxidation, as well as postprandial blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations. Eleven healthy males completed two trials (Tabata exercise (TE) and non‐exercise control (CON)) in random order separated by 7 days. A two‐day protocol was used in which TE or CON was performed on the first day and a high fat meal was administered ∼13 h later the following morning. Power output from the TE session was quantified using a kinematic approach by calculating external work performed per unit time for each of the four exercises (rowing, dumbbell thrusters, kettlebell swings and burpees). For the meal challenge, respiratory gases and blood samples were taken fasted and at 1, 2 and 3 h postprandial. Fat oxidation was significantly higher after TE compared to CON at all time points (P < 0.05). Carbohydrate oxidation was significantly lower after TE compared to CON at 1 h postprandial (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects of TE on fasting or postprandial glucose or triglyceride concentrations. Functional exercises performed in a high intensity TE pattern enhance fasting and postprandial fat oxidation on the following day with minimal influence on blood triglycerides or glucose levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Tabata‐style functional exercise increases resting and postprandial fat oxidation but does not reduce triglyceride concentrations

Pearson

Olenick

Green

et al. 2020

Experimental Physiology

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“…This may be as a consequence of substrate availability driving the rate of oxidation pertaining to the bodies' preference for a fuel source relative to the demands of exercise. Fatty acid oxidation contributes proportionately more energy during the fasted state compared to carbohydrate [Long et al, 2008], which may have contributed to the increased rate of lipid oxidation compared to protein oxidation observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Exercise‐induced lipid peroxidation: Implications for deoxyribonucleic acid damage and systemic free radical generation

Fogarty

Hughes

Burke

et al. 2011

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Exercise-induced deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage is often associated with an increase in free radicals; however, there is a lack of evidence examining the two in parallel. This study tested the hypothesis that high-intensity exercise has the ability to produce free radicals that may be capable of causing DNA damage. Twelve apparently healthy male subjects (age: 23 ± 4 years; stature: 181 ± 8 cm; body mass: 80 ± 9 kg; and VO(2max) : 49 ± 5 ml/kg/min) performed three 5 min consecutive and incremental stages (40, 70, and 100% of VO(2max) ) of aerobic exercise with a 15-min period separating each stage. Blood was drawn after each bout of exercise for the determination of ex vivo free radicals, DNA damage, protein carbonyls, lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) concentration, and a range of lipid-soluble antioxidants. Lipid-derived oxygen-centered free radicals (hyperfine coupling constants a(Nitrogen) = 13.7 Gauss (G) and aβ(Hydrogen) = 1.8 G) increased as a result of acute moderate and high-intensity exercise (P < 0.05), while DNA damage was also increased (P < 0.05). Systemic changes were observed in LOOH and for lipid-soluble antioxidants throughout exercise (P < 0.05); however, there was no observed change in protein carbonyl concentration (P > 0.05). These findings identify lipid-derived free radical species as possible contributors to peripheral mononuclear cell DNA damage in the human exercising model. This damage occurs in the presence of lipid oxidation but in the absence of any change to protein carbonyl concentration. The significance of these findings may have relevance in terms of immune function, the aging process, and the pathology of carcinogenesis.

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“…Concordant results in healthy and diabetic individuals clearly demonstrate that the glycemic response to mixed meals is most effectively attenuated by postmeal exercise [30,33,43,49,62,68]. As little as a 20-min walk after a meal [28] holds the potential to prevent cardiovascular disease and diabetes progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Evaluating the immediate responses to a similar amount of endurance exercise performed before carbohydrate intake, it appears that such exercise results in no significant main effect on plasma glucose and insulin, although it might alter the kinetics of these parameters [62]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercising for Metabolic Control: Is Timing Important?

Haxhi

Palumbo

Sacchetti³

2012

Ann Nutr Metab

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Atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus are leading causes of mortality in the world and both disorders are closely related to the postprandial phenomena. Regular exercise is being strongly advocated as a precious tool in easing the global burden of chronic disease. Although exercise intensity, duration and frequency are well established in current guidelines for healthy and diabetic individuals, there is still no consensus on the optimal timing of exercise in relation to the last meal. The present paper reviews the existing literature on the ‘when?’ of aerobic exercise for metabolic control in healthy and diabetic individuals. Effective control of postprandial phenomena might prove to be a useful tool in the prevention of chronic disease. Exercise appears to influence glycemic and triglyceridemic responses differently depending on the meal composition and time lapse from meals. In healthy individuals, fasted-state exercise favors postprandial triglyceridemic control and the insulin sensitivity related to it. However, there is a lack of data on this matter in diabetic patients. On the other hand, when postprandial glycemia is of concern, aerobic exercise works better when performed after a meal, both in healthy and in diabetic patients.

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Does prior acute exercise affect postexercise substrate oxidation in response to a high carbohydrate meal?

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Tabata‐style functional exercise increases resting and postprandial fat oxidation but does not reduce triglyceride concentrations

Tabata‐style functional exercise increases resting and postprandial fat oxidation but does not reduce triglyceride concentrations

Exercise‐induced lipid peroxidation: Implications for deoxyribonucleic acid damage and systemic free radical generation

Exercising for Metabolic Control: Is Timing Important?

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