Does proliferation capacity of lymphocytes depend on human blood types?

Abstract

In vitro human lymphocyte culture methodology is well established yet certain confounding factors such as age, medical history as well as individual’s blood type may potentially modulate in vitro proliferation response. These factors have to be carefully evaluated to release reliable test report in routine cytogenetic evaluation for various genetic conditions, radiation biodosimetry, etc. With this objective, the current study was focused on analyzing the proliferation response of lymphocytes drawn from 90 individuals (21‐29 years) with different blood types. The proliferation response was assessed in the cultured lymphocytes by cell cycle, mitotic index (MI), and nuclear division index (NDI) after stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). To investigate the toxic effect on proliferation, MI was calculated in representative samples of each blood type were X‐irradiated. The results showed that there was no significant difference among the cell cycle phases of lymphocytes in different blood types (P > 0.05). Similarly, both MI and NDI of lymphocytes derived from different blood types also did not show significant difference ( P > 0.05). The extensive interindividual variation within and among the blood types is likely responsible for the lack of significant difference in lymphocyte proliferation. Although spontaneous proliferation efficiency of lymphocytes of different blood types after PHA stimulation was grossly similar, the MI observed after radiation exposure showed a significant difference ( P < 0.05) indicating a differential proliferation response among the blood types. Our results suggest that the blood types did not have any impact on PHA‐induced proliferation; however, a specific differential lymphocyte proliferation observed after radiation exposure needs to be considered.

Assessment of the nuclear medicine personnel occupational exposure to radioiodine

“…Generally, most of the relevant studies have presented frequencies of acentric fragments or rings for one or a few donors (2-5) as a distribution for the dose-response curve construction [10,15]. The baseline mean value of NDI for the control group (1.71 ± 0.11) was in agreement with previously published data [10,16]. For the exposed group, the averaged mean was higher (3.04 ± 0.86), indicating that viable cells divided faster than in the control group and completed more than one nuclear division during the cytokinesis-block phase.…”

“…The observed results could have arisen due to confounding factors affecting MNi frequency levels in humans, such as smoking, diet or environmental exposures [4,13,16,17]. Although we did not stratify subgroups according to the daily consumption of cigarettes, as has been done by others [23], our observations are supported by these findings, suggesting that smoking can affect the level of genetic damage induced in humans by ionizing radiation.…”

Effects of carbon dioxide purities on mitotic index in lymphocyte culture and metaphase chromosome quality

“…The manual MI values of all donors in this study are also comparable with a previous study by Viswanathan et al (2019) that found the percentage of MI in different blood types were varied widely. The rate of MI in variety A ranged from 4.39 to 18.6%, with mean ± SD values of 11.0 ± 4.3%.…”

The Impact of Model Assumptions in Interpreting Cell Kinetic Studies

“…Studies of T cell dynamics, at least for humans, are most often based on samples from the blood. Directly ex vivo , most peripheral blood T lymphocytes are in G0 \ G1 [27, 28]. Nevertheless high levels of deuterium are typically detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes following a labelling period.…”