Does remnant gastric cancer really differ from primary gastric cancer? A systematic review of the literature by the Task Force of Japanese Gastric Cancer Association

Shimada, Hideaki; Fukagawa, Takeo; Haga, Yoshio; Oba, Koji

doi:10.1007/s10120-015-0582-0

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Remnant gastric cancer is a rare and complicated cancer. Although the number of patients who undergo surgery for benign gastric diseases has been reduced, the early detection of PGC and improvements in the prognosis of PGC patients lead to an increase in the incidence of RGC . While the standardization of RGC surgery and the development of multiple adjuvant treatment therapies have improved the survival rate of RGC patients, the 5‐year survival rate of RGC patients is still 10%‐90% for those who have different tumor features, and as high as 27%‐36% of RGC patients relapse after surgery .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a rare disease, remnant gastric cancer (RGC) accounts for 1%‐7% of the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) . Balfour first described the disease in 1922, and the definition evolved as the knowledge of the disease continued to deepen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now, it was generally believed that regardless of the nature of the first surgical gastric disease, or the absence of a specific time interval, cancer that occurs in the remnant stomach is RGC . RGC is considered to have a different disease mechanism than primary gastric cancer (PGC) . Moreover, because RGC is generally diagnosed at a relatively advanced stage, its prognosis is often worse than that of PGC .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RGC is considered to have a different disease mechanism than primary gastric cancer (PGC) . Moreover, because RGC is generally diagnosed at a relatively advanced stage, its prognosis is often worse than that of PGC . However, due to the rarity of RGC, there is still no specialized follow‐up strategy for RGC nearly a century after it was first described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditional survival and recurrence of remnant gastric cancer after surgical resection: A multi‐institutional study

et al. 2019

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The present study was designed to evaluate the dynamic survival and recurrence of remnant gastric cancer (RGC) after radical resection and to provide a reference for the development of personalized follow-up strategies. A total of 298 patients were analyzed for their 3-year conditional overall survival (COS3), 3-year conditional disease-specific survival (CDSS3), corresponding recurrence and pattern changes, and associated risk factors. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and the 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) of the entire cohort were 41.2% and 45.8%, respectively. The COS3 and CDDS3 of RGC patients who survived for 5 years were 84.0% and 89.8%, respectively. The conditional survival in patients with unfavorable prognostic characteristics showed greater growth over time than in those with favorable prognostic characteristics (eg, COS3, ≥T3: 46.4%-83.0%, Δ36.6% vs ≤T2: 82.4%-85.7%, Δ3.3%; P < 0.001). Most recurrences (93.5%) occurred in the first 3 years after surgery. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage was the only factor that affected recurrence. Time-dependent Cox regression showed that for both OS and DSS, after 4 years of survival, the common prognostic factors that were initially judged lost their ability to predict survival (P > 0.05). Time-dependent logistic regression analysis showed that the AJCC stage | 503 CHEN Et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditional survival and recurrence of remnant gastric cancer after surgical resection: A multi‐institutional study

et al. 2019

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“…Definitions of RGC vary among throughout the literature [20]. According to Shimada et al [21], RGC is defined as a newly developed cancer in the remnant stomach occurring more than 5 years after a distal gastrectomy irrespective of the reason for the original resection. In contrast, PGC is defined as the first occurrence of a non-metastatic malignancy in the stomach.…”

Section: Definition Of Rgc and Pgcmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA methylation genome-wide analysis in remnant and primary gastric cancers

et al. 2019

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Background Although primary (PGC) and remnant gastric cancers (RGC) both originate from the same gastrointestinal organ, they have very distinct clinicopathological behaviors. We hypothesized that there would be distinct differences in DNA methylation patterns that would occur during carcinogenesis of RGC and PGC, and that the differences in methylation patterns may help identify the primary factor contributing to chronic inflammation in patients with RGC. Methods We investigated the genome-wide DNA methylation patterns of PGC and RGC tissues from 48 patients using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip assay. The results were validated by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) in separate, independent cohorts. Results We found that in our training cohort of 48 patients, the most variable genes from the gastric cancer tissues identified by the Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip clustered the resultant heatmap into high and low methylation groups. On multivariate analysis, PGCs contributed significantly to the high methylation group (p = 0.004, OR 12.33), which suggested that the promoter methylation status in PGC is higher than that in RGC. Supporting this conclusion was the finding that in a separate qMSP analysis in a test cohort, the EPB41L3 gene, chosen because of its high β value on microarray analysis in the gastric cancer tissues, had significantly higher DNA promoter methylation in cancer tissues in the validation PGC tissues than in RGC. Conclusions This study demonstrated that promoter methylation status in PGC is higher than in RGC. This result may reflect the effects of the absence of Helicobacter pylori on the reduced DNA methylation in the remnant stomach.

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The epigenetic modifier lysine methyltransferase 2C is frequently mutated in gastric remnant carcinoma

Sun

Chen

Lao

et al. 2023

The Journal of Pathology CR

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Gastric remnant carcinoma (GRC), which occurs in the stomach after partial gastrectomy, is a rare and aggressive form of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Comprehensive profiling of genomic mutations in GRC could provide the basis for elucidating the origin and characteristics of this cancer. Herein, whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed on 36 matched tumor–normal samples from patients with GRC and identified recurrent mutations in epigenetic modifiers, notably KMT2C, ARID1A, NSD1, and KMT2D, in 61.11% of cases. Mutational signature analysis revealed a low frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) in GRC, which was further identified by MSIsensor, MSI‐polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry analysis. Comparative analysis demonstrated that GRC had a distinct mutation spectrum compared to that of GAC in The Cancer Genome Atlas samples, with a significantly higher mutation rate of KMT2C. Targeted deep sequencing (Target‐seq) of an additional 25 paired tumor–normal samples verified the high mutation frequency (48%) of KMT2C in GRC. KMT2C mutations correlated with poor overall survival in both WES and Target‐seq cohorts and were independent prognosticators in GRC. In addition, KMT2C mutations were positively correlated with favorable outcomes in immune checkpoint inhibitor‐treated pan‐cancer patients and associated with higher intratumoral CD3+, CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte counts, and PD–L1 expression in GRC samples (p = 0.018, 0.092, 0.047, 0.010, and 0.034, respectively). Our dataset provides a platform for information and knowledge mining of the genomic characteristics of GRC and helps to frame new therapeutic approaches for this disease.

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Does remnant gastric cancer really differ from primary gastric cancer? A systematic review of the literature by the Task Force of Japanese Gastric Cancer Association

Abstract: Remnant gastric cancer,

Cited by 55 publications

References 54 publications

Conditional survival and recurrence of remnant gastric cancer after surgical resection: A multi‐institutional study

Conditional survival and recurrence of remnant gastric cancer after surgical resection: A multi‐institutional study

DNA methylation genome-wide analysis in remnant and primary gastric cancers

The epigenetic modifier lysine methyltransferase 2C is frequently mutated in gastric remnant carcinoma

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