“…In previous research, the demographic characteristics of CEOs, such as their gender (McGuinness et al, 2017), marital status (Hegde & Mishra, 2019), and degree (Sun et al, 2021), as well as professional background (Garcia-Sanchez and Martinez-Ferrero, 2019), experience (Al-Shammari et al, 2022), tenure (Chen et al, 2019;Jeong et al, 2021) and multiple positions (Bose et al, 2022), have been extensively and deeply studied. In addition, the deeper characteristics of CEOs, such as their arrogance (Tang et al, 2018), narcissism (Al-Shammari et al, 2019), emotion (Wang et al, 2022), values (Prompeler et. al., 2023, childhood experience (Choi et al, 2023), entrepreneurial spirit , and moral leadership (Tu and Lu, 2016), have also gradually attracted the attention of scholars and have been confirmed to have direct or indirect impacts on CSR.…”