Does social class predict diet quality?

Darmon, Nicole; Drewnowski, Adam

doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1107

Cited by 1,754 publications

(1,653 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…Nevertheless, no differences according to educational level were found for fruit and vegetable intakes in our study. This evidence differs from studies in non-Mediterranean settings in which higher education was related to higher vegetable intake (15,38,40) . In agreement with our findings, Ferrer et al did not find significant differences in fruit or vegetable intake by educational level (20) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Dietary intake in pregnant women in a Spanish Mediterranean area: as good as it is supposed to be?

Rodríguez‐Bernal

Ramón

Quiles

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess food and nutrient intakes and compliance with nutritional recommendations in pregnant women according to selected sociodemographic characteristics. Design: Cross-sectional study based on data from the INMA-Valencia cohort (Spain), which recruited pregnant women between 2004 and 2005. Information on maternal sociodemographics and anthropometry was collected. Dietary intake was assessed through an FFQ. Intakes of foods were compared with Spanish food-based dietary guidelines. Intake inadequacy for nutrients was assessed using the Dietary Reference Intakes of the US Institute of Medicine. Setting: Valencia, Spain. Subjects: We studied 822 pregnant women who had information on dietary intake during their first trimester of pregnancy. Results: More than 50 % of pregnant women did not meet the guidelines for cereals and legumes; reported intakes of carbohydrates, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were below recommendations and exceeded the total fat intake according to dietary references. Dietary inadequacy for folate, Fe and vitamin E ranged from 99 % to 68 %. Vegetable intake was related to age only. Younger and less educated women showed lower intakes of protein and n-3 fatty acids and higher intakes of trans-fatty acids as well as greater inadequacy for micronutrients. Spanish women reported lower intakes of fruit and carbohydrates and higher intakes of protein, total fat, SFA, MUFA and n-3 fatty acids compared with their foreign-born counterparts. Conclusions: Women in the studied area have inadequate intakes of several nutrients relevant during pregnancy. Age, education and country of origin are factors significantly related to dietary intake and adequacy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Dietary intake in pregnant women in a Spanish Mediterranean area: as good as it is supposed to be?

Rodríguez‐Bernal

Ramón

Quiles

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…In Finland, as well as elsewhere, following the recommended food habits tends to be more common among individuals in higher socio-economic positions (10)(11)(12)(13) ; however, this is not completely consistent for all food habits (14) . Thus, people in higher socio-economic groups consume less traditional foods such as dark rye bread (15) , but more fresh vegetables (16) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in socio-economic differences in food habits over time

Seiluri

Lahelma

Rahkonen

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine absolute socio-economic differences in food habits and their changes over time. Design: A longitudinal study using the cohort baseline mail surveys conducted in 2000-2002 (n 8960, response rate 67 %) and the follow-up in 2007 (n 7332, response rate 83 %), including data on seven food habits recommended in the national dietary guidelines, as well as socio-economic and sociodemographic variables. Setting: Data from the Helsinki Health Study survey, followed up for 5-7 years. Subjects: Municipal employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland. Results: Apart from fish and vegetable-based margarine on bread, the proportions of the recommended food items were higher for women than for men. The consumption of the recommended food items either increased or remained stable over the follow-up period. On the basis of the slope index of inequality (SII) it was observed that socio-economic differences widened with regard to the consumption of fresh vegetables and fish and use of vegetable-based margarine or oil in cooking, with the upper classes consuming these foods more often. The largest differences were observed in the consumption of fresh vegetables, for which the SII value among women was 2?38 (95 % CI 1?93, 2?95) at baseline and 2?47 (95 % CI 2?01, 3?03) at follow-up, and 3?36 (95 % CI 1?80, 6?28) and 3?47 (95 % CI 1?95, 6?19) for men, respectively. Socio-economic differences were non-existent for milk, and the reverse was observed for dark bread and vegetable-based margarine on bread. Conclusions: Consumption of the recommended food items increased in the examined cohort over time. This increase was mostly similar throughout the socioeconomic groups and thus the socio-economic differences remained stable. The upper classes followed the guidelines better with regard to the consumption of vegetables and fish and in the use of vegetable-based margarine or oil in cooking.

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“…The dietary quality of an individual may be affected by a multiplicity of factors, such as food availability, preferences, household environment, and socioeconomic status [35,36]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between agricultural biodiversity and dietary diversity of children aged 6-36 months in rural areas of Northern Ghana

Saaka

Osman

Hoeschle‐Zeledon

2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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In this study, we investigated the relationship between agricultural biodiversity and dietary diversity of children and whether factors such as economic access may affect this relationship.This paper is based on data collected in a baseline cross-sectional survey in November 2013.The study population comprising 1200 mother-child pairs was selected using a two-stage cluster sampling. Dietary diversity was defined as the number of food groups consumed 24 h prior to the assessment. The number of crop and livestock species produced on a farm was used as the measure of production diversity. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to identify predictors and test for interactions.Whereas the average production diversity score was 4.7 ± 1.6, only 42.4% of households consumed at least four food groups out of seven over the preceding 24-h recall period. Agricultural biodiversity (i.e. variety of animals kept and food groups produced) associated positively with dietary diversity of children aged 6–36 months but the relationship was moderated by household socioeconomic status. The interaction term was also statistically significant [β = −0.08 (95% CI: −0.05, −0.01, p = 0.001)].Spearman correlation (rho) analysis showed that agricultural biodiversity was positively associated with individual dietary diversity of the child more among children of low socioeconomic status in rural households compared to children of high socioeconomic status (r = 0.93, p < 0.001 versus r = 0.08, p = 0.007). Socioeconomic status of the household also partially mediated the link between agricultural biodiversity and dietary diversity of a child’s diet.The effect of increased agricultural biodiversity on dietary diversity was significantly higher in households of lower socioeconomic status. Therefore, improvement of agricultural biodiversity could be one of the best approaches for ensuring diverse diets especially for households of lower socioeconomic status in rural areas of Northern Ghana.

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Does social class predict diet quality?

Cited by 1,754 publications

References 176 publications

Dietary intake in pregnant women in a Spanish Mediterranean area: as good as it is supposed to be?

Dietary intake in pregnant women in a Spanish Mediterranean area: as good as it is supposed to be?

Changes in socio-economic differences in food habits over time

Relationship between agricultural biodiversity and dietary diversity of children aged 6-36 months in rural areas of Northern Ghana

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