“…Studies concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on financial performance in pri-vate sector organizations have been widely carried out in several countries, and the results clearly show that the pandemic has an impact on the financial performance of organizations (Nguyen, 2022;Alsamhi et al, 2022;Zhang & Zheng, 2022). Moreover, several studies related to the impact of the pandemic on the private sector were carried out in Indonesia, including by Devi, Warasniasih, Masdiantini, and Musmini (2020), Alviana and Megawati (2021), Esomar and Christianty (2021), Gaisani et al (2021), Thamrin and Ilhami (2021), Lowardi and Abdi (2021), Pratama, Pontoh, and Pinatik (2021); Zulfikri, Lesmana, and Djuanda (2021) also Paranita and Siska (2022).…”