Does the evidence support brief (≤30-mins), moderate (31–60-mins), or long duration naps (61+ mins) on the night shift? A systematic review

Patterson, P. Daniel; Liszka, Mary K.; Mcilvaine, Quentin S.; Nong, Lily; Weaver, Matthew D.; Turner, Rose; Platt, Thomas E.; Opitz, Samantha E.; Guyette, Francis X; Martin‐Gill, Christian; Weiss, Leon; Buysse, Daniel J.; Callaway, Clifton W.

doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101509

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This allowed us to combine conceptually related outcomes despite the heterogeneity of measures. Finally, as in other reviews, 49,50 we categorised each finding as either favourable, unfavourable, or no impact. Each result was categorised based on statistical significance (e.g., p < .05); when the p value was not reported, we used the authors' interpretation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of evening light on circadian-related outcomes: A systematic review

Cyr

Artenie

Bikaii

et al. 2022

Sleep Medicine Reviews

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of evening light on circadian-related outcomes: A systematic review

Cyr

Artenie

Bikaii

et al. 2022

Sleep Medicine Reviews

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“…Participants were asked about the duration of napping after lunch and the total night sleep duration. Daytime naps are usually brief periods of sleep lasting from a few minutes to a few hours [ 13 ]. Such naps may vary in frequency from the occasional nap to planned periods of rest up to several times each day in habitual nappers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive association of nap duration with risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an occupational population in Guangdong Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Chang

et al. 2022

BMC Gastroenterol

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Background A lack of sleep or disorder in sleep–wake cycles has been associated with metabolic impairments. However, few studies have investigated the association between daytime napping duration and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aimed to investigate the association of daytime napping duration with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a Chinese population. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Health Management Center of Nanfang Hospital, Guangdong Province. A total of 3363 participants aged 20–79 years were recruited and admitted from January 20, 2018, to October 16, 2020. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasonography. The outcome was the association between daytime sleep duration and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Results Compared with non-nappers, long daytime nappers (≥ 60 min) were associated with a higher risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the crude model (odds ratio 2.138; 95% confidence interval 1.88–2.61, P < 0.05) and in the multivariable adjustment model (odds ratio 2.211; 95% confidence interval 1.042–4.690, P < 0.05) after adjusting for demographic, educational, and metabolic risk factors. The association was moderately enhanced with additional adjustments for night sleep duration and socioeconomic or other factors (odds ratio 2.253; 95% confidence interval 1.061–4.786, P = 0.035). Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, daytime napping duration of ≥ 60 min was positively associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an occupational population of Guangdong Province after multivariable adjustment.

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“…Napping is a countermeasure to fatigue recommended by the American Nurses Association and Japanese Nursing Association [ 13 , 14 ]. Although systematic reviews and meta-analyses of napping during night shifts have also shown that taking naps can reduce fatigue, the optimal duration and timing have not been identified [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Nap duration ranging from 15 to 180 min has been widely reported for nurses [ 15 ], but it is important to note that nap breaks and sleep duration are discussed together as nap duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, evaluating only a single point outcome during the night shift is insufficient. Furthermore, the literature has provided minimal justification for selected nap durations [ 17 ]. The Japanese Nursing Association suggests that two-hour nap breaks are required for nurses to be able to take a 90 min nap [ 14 ], which corresponds with the duration of one non-rapid eye movement (NREM)/rapid eye movement sleep cycle based on sleep physiology [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 90 Min Napping on Fatigue and Associated Environmental Factors among Nurses Working Long Night Shifts: A Longitudinal Observational Study

Watanabe

Sugimura

Shishido

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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For nurses working long night shifts, it is imperative that they have the ability to take naps to reduce fatigue, and that an appropriate environment is prepared where such naps can be taken. We verified the effects of 90 min napping on fatigue and the associated factors among nurses working 16-h night shifts. We investigated 196-night shifts among 49 nurses for one month. Wearable devices, data logging devices, and questionnaires were used to assess nap parameters, fatigue, and environmental factors such as the napping environment, ways of spending breaks, and working environment. Nurses who nap at least 90 min on most night shifts had more nursing experience. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the environmental factors significantly associated with total nap duration (TND) ≥ 90 min were noise, time spent on electronic devices such as cellphones and tablets during breaks, and nap break duration. The night shifts with TND ≥ 90 min showed lower drowsiness after nap breaks and less fatigue at the end of night shift compared to those with TND < 90 min. Nurses and nursing managers should recognize the importance of napping and make adjustments to nap for at least 90 min during long night shifts.

show abstract

Does the evidence support brief (≤30-mins), moderate (31–60-mins), or long duration naps (61+ mins) on the night shift? A systematic review

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

The effect of evening light on circadian-related outcomes: A systematic review

The effect of evening light on circadian-related outcomes: A systematic review

Positive association of nap duration with risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an occupational population in Guangdong Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Effects of 90 Min Napping on Fatigue and Associated Environmental Factors among Nurses Working Long Night Shifts: A Longitudinal Observational Study

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