Does the inverted-U function disappear in expert athletes? An analysis of the attentional behavior under physical exercise of athletes and non-athletes

Hüttermann, Stefanie; Memmert, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.04.020

Cited by 58 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Hüttermann and Memmert (2014) presented data showing an inverted-U relationship in cognitive performance for non-athletes while cycling at exercise intensities of 50, 60 and 70% of the age predicted maximal heart rate. On the contrary, a linear relationship was seen for athletes, leading the researchers to conclude that physical fitness acted as a moderator in the exercise intensity-cognitive performance relationship (Hüttermann and Memmert, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, a linear relationship was seen for athletes, leading the researchers to conclude that physical fitness acted as a moderator in the exercise intensity-cognitive performance relationship (Hüttermann and Memmert, 2014). However, the use of the age predicted heart rate to determine exercise intensity in the Hüttermann and Memmert’s (2014) study is limited, particularly when comparing individual fitness levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of exercise intensity on cognitive performance during short duration treadmill running

Smith

Tallis

Miller

et al. 2016

Journal of Human Kinetics

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This study examined the effect of short duration, moderate and high-intensity exercise on a Go/NoGo task. Fifteen, habitually active (9 females and 6 males aged 28 ± 5 years) agreed to participate in the study and cognitive performance was measured in three sessions lasting 10 min each, performed at three different exercise intensities: rest, moderate and high. Results indicated significant exercise intensity main effects for reaction time (RT) (p = 0.01), the omission error rate (p = 0.027) and the decision error rate (p = 0.011), with significantly longer RTs during high intensity exercise compared to moderate intensity exercise (p = 0.039) and rest (p = 0.023). Mean ± SE of RT (ms) was 395.8 ± 9.1, 396.3 ± 9.1 and 433.5 ± 16.1 for rest, moderate and high intensity exercise, respectively. This pattern was replicated for the error rate with a significantly higher omission error and decision error rate during high intensity exercise compared to moderate intensity exercise (p = 0.003) and rest (p = 0.001). Mean ± SE of omission errors (%) was 0.88 ± 0.23, 0.8 ± 0.23 and 1.8 ± 0.46% for rest, moderate and high intensity exercise, respectively. Likewise, mean ± SE of decision errors (%) was 0.73 ± 0.24, 0.73 ± 0.21 and 1.8 ± 0.31 for rest, moderate and high intensity exercise, respectively. The present study’s results suggest that 10 min workout at high intensity impairs RT performances in habitually active adults compared to rest or moderate intensity exercise.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of exercise intensity on cognitive performance during short duration treadmill running

Smith

Tallis

Miller

et al. 2016

Journal of Human Kinetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that expert performers possess superior decisionmaking when compared to less experienced counterparts using actual match footage (Larkin, Berry, Dawson, & Lay, 2011;Roca, Ford, McRobert, & Williams, 2013). Indeed, these studies provide a greater ecological validity by using match-specific decision-making; however, similar differences between athletes and non-athletes were reported for a non-sport-specific (attentional breadth measuring task) psychomotor task (Hüttermann & Memmert, 2014). Therefore, this is a possible area for future research in determining the match-specific decisionmaking skills of expert decision-makers during intermittent exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, such a relationship has only been shown in steady-state or incremental exercise protocols and little is known on the changes in psychomotor performance throughout prolonged high-intensity intermittent exercise. Furthermore, a recent study suggested that the inverted-U relationship may only be valid for non-athletes, whilst expert performers exhibit a linear improvement in attentional performance with increases of exercise intensity (Hüttermann & Memmert, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and psychomotor performance of Australian football and rugby league officials during a match simulation

Elsworthy

Burke

Dascombe

2015

Journal of Sports Sciences

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The onset of exercise facilitates an improvement in psychomotor performance until the second ventilatory threshold, after which performance is reduced. This inverted-U relationship appears valid for incremental and steady-state exercise, however, not for intermittent exercise. This study examined changes in psychomotor performance of team sport officials during a laboratory-based match simulation. Twelve elite Australian football (n = 5) and rugby league (n = 7) officials (32.5 ± 5.5 years; 180.0 ± 6.8 cm; 78.8 ± 7.6 kg) completed the match simulation on a non-motorised treadmill. Physiological measures were routinely taken, while psychomotor performance was assessed using the Eriksen flanker task (multiple-choice response time). Significant reductions (P < 0.05) were observed in distance covered and high-speed running during the second half when compared to the first. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in psychomotor performance at different time points were observed. Response time was significantly improved when running above 65% of maximal sprinting speed (P < 0.01). This data questions the application of the inverted-U hypothesis for intermittent exercise and suggests that the short high-intensity efforts may not result in the same physiological events that limit psychomotor performance during sustained high-intensity exercise. More so, the high-intensity efforts during the match protocol appeared to promote psychomotor performance during the intermittent exercise.

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“…For our study was key to use trained runners, since one of the mayor effects of exercise on cognitive performance is itness level [52][53][54], all participants were experienced runners that trained regularly at least two times per week and compete in 10 km (50% of participants), half marathon (33%) and marathon (17%) distances. This could contribute to the stability of the cognitive performance and the positive effect of the session in the licker fusion test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation on central nervous activation: A controlled trial with long distance runners

R¹

2017

J Sports Med Ther

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SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to experimentally assess the effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation while running on central nervous activation. A total of 30 long distance runners volunteered for the study. The study protocol consisted on three sessions (scheduled in three different days): (1) maximal incremental treadmill test, (2) associative task session, and (3) dissociative task session. The order of sessions 2 and 3 was counterbalanced. During sessions 2 and 3, participants performed a 55 min treadmill run at moderate intensity. Both, associative and dissociative tasks responses were monitoring and recording in real time through dynamic measure tools. Consequently, was possible to have an objective control of the attentional. Results showed a positive session (exercise+attentional task) effect for central nervous activation. The benefi ts of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity for the performance of self-regulation cognitive tasks are highlighted. The used methodology is proposed as a valid and dynamic option to study cognitions while running in order to overcome the retrospective approach.

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Does the inverted-U function disappear in expert athletes? An analysis of the attentional behavior under physical exercise of athletes and non-athletes

Cited by 58 publications

References 34 publications

The effect of exercise intensity on cognitive performance during short duration treadmill running

The effect of exercise intensity on cognitive performance during short duration treadmill running

Physical and psychomotor performance of Australian football and rugby league officials during a match simulation

The effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation on central nervous activation: A controlled trial with long distance runners

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