Does the Music Matter? Examining Differential Effects of Music Genre on Support for Ethnic Groups

LaMarre, Heather L.; Knobloch‐Westerwick, Silvia; Hoplamazian, Gregory J.

doi:10.1080/08838151.2011.648683

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Music exposure has been shown to have powerful effects on human behavior (Rentfrow, ; Rentfrow & Gosling, ). Previous research (Gan et al, ; LaMarre et al, ; Rudman & Lee, ) has mainly focused on negative effects of listening to music on intergroup attitudes and behavior, with some researchers even claiming that listening to music has the overall effect of increasing anti‐social action and beliefs (Timmerman et al, ). In contrast, the present set of studies suggests that listening to songs with pro‐integration lyrics might be employed to successfully reduce prejudice and discrimination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…European governments regularly discuss how concerned they should be and how seriously to take racist music. With good reasons: As shown by previous research (LaMarre et al, ), exposure to music that promotes white nationalism and expresses racism against non‐Whites (i.e., White power music) leads particularly to negative behavior toward African Americans and Arab Americans. However, as the present findings suggest, prejudice and discrimination may also be positively affected by music exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Rudman and Lee () found that participants who had listened to violent, misogynistic rap music expressed more negative attitudes toward African Americans. Other research (LaMarre, Knobloch‐Westerwick, & Hoplamazian, ) showed that White college students who had listened to mainstream rock music or to radical White power rock (relative to top 40 pop music) provided higher levels of financial support for their ethnic/racial ingroup (i.e., White Americans) and smaller allocations to different minority groups (cf. African American, Latino American, Arab American).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Employing music exposure to reduce prejudice and discrimination

Greitemeyer

Schwab

2014

Aggressive Behavior

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Whereas previous research has mainly focused on negative effects of listening to music on intergroup attitudes and behavior, the present three experiments examined whether music exposure could reduce prejudice and discrimination. In fact, those participants who had listened to songs with pro-integration (relative to neutral) lyrics expressed less prejudice (Studies 1 and 3) and were less aggressive against (Study 2) and more helpful toward an outgroup member (Study 3). These effects were unaffected by song liking as well as mood and arousal properties of the songs employed, suggesting that it is indeed the pro-integration content of the lyrics that drives the effects. It is discussed to what extent music exposure could be employed to effectively reduce prejudice and discrimination in the real world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Employing music exposure to reduce prejudice and discrimination

Greitemeyer

Schwab

2014

Aggressive Behavior

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“…They showed that melancholic and uplifting music affected tipping behaviour among older customers in a restaurant. The genre of a song can influence how the music affects the listener (LaMarre, Knobloch-Westerwick & Hoplamazian, 2012), and it seems likely that the overall emotional quality of a song can also affect the listeners.…”

Section: Musical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prosocial lyrics and musical production elements on emotions, thoughts and behavior

Ruth

Schramm

2020

Psychology of Music

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Popular music with prosocial lyrics affects listeners’ thoughts, emotions and behavior, yet little is known about the role played by the actual music in this process. This study focused on the interaction between the prosocial lyrics and the musical production elements, examining whether certain versions of a song can enhance the effect of prosocial lyrics on thoughts, emotions and behavior. Based on the general learning model and the reciprocal-feedback model of music perception, a laboratory experiment ( N = 136) was conducted to test how listeners are affected by music with prosocial or neutral lyrics and by an electronic or an unplugged version of the music. For this purpose, an original song was composed and produced, using the same melodies and harmonies with varied lyrics and instrumentation. In a pilot study ( n = 36), a version with acoustic instrumentation was rated as the most emotional and fitting, whereas an electronic dance version was rated as the least emotional and fitting. There was a significant interaction effect between the lyrics and the musical production elements: Those listening to the unplugged version with prosocial lyrics showed the most empathetic emotions. Prosocial lyrics also had an effect on prosocial thoughts but not on behavior.

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“…Only few studies have empirically examined the effect of priming though music on attitudes toward out‐groups, demonstrating, for example, the effects of musical genre on fund allocation to different ethnic groups (LaMarre, Knobloch‐Westerwick, & Hoplamazian, ), of musical structure on judgments regarding punishment of out‐group members abusing in‐group members (Maher, Van Tilberg, & Van Den Tol, ), or of pro‐integration lyrics on attitudes toward national minorities (Greitemeyer & Schwab, ). These studies, however, did not test groups in conflict, nor songs which refer directly to the ongoing conflict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro‐peace or anti‐war: The effect of emotions primed by protest songs on emotions toward in‐group and out‐group in conflict

Ziv

2019

J Applied Social Pyschol

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Members of societies in conflict hold stable positive and negative views, and emotions of the in‐group and out‐group, respectively. Music is a potent tool to express and evoke emotions. It is a social product created within a social and political context, reflecting, and commenting it. Protest songs aim to change views and attitudes toward ongoing conflicts. Their message may be expressed positively (pro‐peace songs) or negatively (anti‐war songs). Previous research has shown that evoking emotions such as guilt toward the in‐group or empathy toward the out‐group may influence attitudes toward reconciliation. The present research, conducted in Israel, presents three studies investigating whether emotions evoked by positive or negative protest songs may influence in‐group members' guilt toward the in‐group (Israeli Jews) and empathy toward the out‐group (Palestinians). Studies 1 and 2 show that negative emotions evoked by negative protests songs predicted both empathy and guilt when the out‐group is considered as a whole (Study 1) or as a particular individual (Study 2). Study 2 in addition showed that empathy predicts an altruistic decision regarding an out‐group member. Emotions evoked by lyrics alone (Study 3) did not contribute to explained variance in either guilt or empathy, nor the altruistic decision. Results suggest that negative emotions expressed by negative protest songs, focused on the in‐group, are more effective in influencing attitudes toward out‐groups. Results are discussed in the context of group emotions in conflict and the role of protest songs in intergroup relations.

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Does the Music Matter? Examining Differential Effects of Music Genre on Support for Ethnic Groups

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Employing music exposure to reduce prejudice and discrimination

Employing music exposure to reduce prejudice and discrimination

Effects of prosocial lyrics and musical production elements on emotions, thoughts and behavior

Pro‐peace or anti‐war: The effect of emotions primed by protest songs on emotions toward in‐group and out‐group in conflict

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