Does the Pre-frontal Cortex Contribute to Movement-related Potentials? Recordings from Subdural Electrodes

Jahanshahi, Marjan; Dirnberger, Georg; Liasis, Alki; Towell, Anthony; Boyd, Stewart

doi:10.1093/neucas/7.6.495

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…During the decision processes, the prefrontal area, along with other regions such as the basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, premotor area, and primary sensorimotor area, is involved [18, 23]. In electrophysiological studies with intracerebral electrodes and ECoG, the prefrontal area has been observed to be a source of the slow cortical potential and frequency power shifts in the alpha and beta bands, which physiologically implies the presence of cognitive functions such as motor planning or preparatory states before movement onset [13, 14, 33]. Through our results and by considering these points, we have demonstrated that signals from the prefrontal area can be used to predict the occurrence of motor planning or preparations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes are reflected by an amplitude decrease in cortical rhythms that are disclosed in the alpha and beta ranges [12]. Though it is widely known that the supplementary motor, premotor, and primary sensorimotor areas can be generator sources of those two brain responses, some researchers report that the prefrontal area also contributes to their generation [13–16]. However, most researches regarding the prediction of motor intention or movement type have recorded early neural signals from only the central and parietal areas covering the primary sensorimotor cortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Movement Type Prediction before Its Onset Using Signals from Prefrontal Area: An Electrocorticography Study

Ryun

Kim

Jeong

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Power changes in specific frequency bands are typical brain responses during motor planning or preparation. Many studies have demonstrated that, in addition to the premotor, supplementary motor, and primary sensorimotor areas, the prefrontal area contributes to generating such responses. However, most brain-computer interface (BCI) studies have focused on the primary sensorimotor area and have estimated movements using postonset period brain signals. Our aim was to determine whether the prefrontal area could contribute to the prediction of voluntary movement types before movement onset. In our study, electrocorticography (ECoG) was recorded from six epilepsy patients while performing two self-paced tasks: hand grasping and elbow flexion. The prefrontal area was sufficient to allow classification of different movements through the area's premovement signals (−2.0 s to 0 s) in four subjects. The most pronounced power difference frequency band was the beta band (13–30 Hz). The movement prediction rate during single trial estimation averaged 74% across the six subjects. Our results suggest that premovement signals in the prefrontal area are useful in distinguishing different movement tasks and that the beta band is the most informative for prediction of movement type before movement onset.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement Type Prediction before Its Onset Using Signals from Prefrontal Area: An Electrocorticography Study

Ryun

Kim

Jeong

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…BP has mostly been reported in the motor area (Deecke and Kornhuber, 1978; Roland et al, 1980; Neshige et al, 1988). However, according to more recent studies, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is also an important area in the generation of BP (Rektor et al, 1994; Jahanshahi et al, 1995, 2001; Ryun et al, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Gamma Connectivity in the Human Prefrontal Cortex during the Bereitschaftspotential

Kim

Chung

2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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The Bereitschaftspotential (BP) is a slow negative cortical potential preceding voluntary movement. Since movement preparation is dependent upon the synchronous activity of a variety of neurons, BP may develop through the exchange of information among motor-related neurons. However, the relationship between BP and information flow is not yet well-known. In the present study, we aimed to investigate how the connectivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) changes during the occurrence of BP. Electrocorticography (ECoG) was recorded in five patients with epilepsy. The subjects performed self-paced hand grasping. We compared the intraregional connectivity between PFC and non-PFC regions using partial directed coherence. In the PFC, the connectivity of beta and gamma bands in the BP period increased by an average of 24.4% compared with the baseline connectivity. Conversely, gamma connectivity in non-PFC regions decreased by 31.4%. Moreover, the intraregional connectivity in the PFC increased according to the stage of BP. The increased gamma band connectivity in the PFC implies that the increased communication among neurons in the PFC is associated with development of BP. Intraregional connectivity as one of the factors involved in voluntary movement may reflect the activation of brain networks related to movement preparation in PFC.

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“…The prefrontal cortex and the supplementary motor area have been assumed to play a role during preparations for self-initiated movements [18,33]. Jahanshahi et al [15] observed that self-paced joystick movements involving decision-making about precise tasks and timing induced a slowly increasing subdural positivity before movement in the dorsolateral and inferior prefrontal cortex in an epileptic patient, as indicated by MRI. Jahanshahi et al [15] observed that self-paced joystick movements involving decision-making about precise tasks and timing induced a slowly increasing subdural positivity before movement in the dorsolateral and inferior prefrontal cortex in an epileptic patient, as indicated by MRI.…”

Section: Contribution Of the Prefrontal Cortex To Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, another study observed a decrease in the amplitude of MRCPs during muscle fatigue [12], which can be explained by a decrease in intention and habituation processes. It has been proposed that the prefrontal cortex is the brain region that formulates intentions and makes decisions before movements are initiated [13][14][15]. Thus, the choice of experimental design for the study of repetitive contractions may have a huge effect on the findings obtained on the effects of muscle fatigue on MRCP components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement-related cortical potentials during muscle fatigue induced by upper limb submaximal isometric contractions

Guo

Wang²,

Sun

et al. 2014

NeuroReport

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The aim of this study was to examine the central neurophysiological mechanisms during fatigue induced by submaximal isometric contractions. A total of 23 individuals participated in the study and were assigned to fatigue and nonfatigue groups. Handgrip force, root mean square (RMS) of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal and movement-related cortical potentials during self-paced submaximal handgrip isometric contractions were assessed for each participant. The experimental data showed significant decreases in both maximal voluntary contraction [-24.3%; F(3, 42)=19.62, P<0.001, ηp=0.48] and RMS [-30.1%; F(3, 42)=19.01, P<0.001, ηp=0.57] during maximal voluntary contractions and a significant increase [F(3, 42)=14.27, P<0.001, ηp=0.50] in the average RMS of sEMG over four blocks in the fatigue group. There was no significant difference in the readiness potential between the fatigue and the nonfatigue groups at early stages, and at late stages, significant differences were observed only at the Fp1 and FC1 sites. Motor potential amplitudes were significantly higher in the fatigue group than in the nonfatigue group irrespective of block or electrode positions. Positive waveforms were observed in the prefrontal cortex in states without muscle fatigue, whereas a negative waveform pattern was observed with muscle fatigue. Significant within-subject correlations were observed between motor potential at the C1 site and RMS of sEMG (r=-0.439, P=0.02, ηp=0.11). Neurophysiological evidence indicates that cortical activity increases in the prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex and supplementary motor cortex with muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue appears to have considerable effects on the components of movement-related cortical potentials during movement execution, whereas the readiness potential before movement is sensitive to cognitive demands during prolonged exercise. Our results provide additional evidence for a link between central motor command during movement execution and motor unit recruitment.

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Does the Pre-frontal Cortex Contribute to Movement-related Potentials? Recordings from Subdural Electrodes

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Movement Type Prediction before Its Onset Using Signals from Prefrontal Area: An Electrocorticography Study

Movement Type Prediction before Its Onset Using Signals from Prefrontal Area: An Electrocorticography Study

Increased Gamma Connectivity in the Human Prefrontal Cortex during the Bereitschaftspotential

Movement-related cortical potentials during muscle fatigue induced by upper limb submaximal isometric contractions

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