Does the presence of the gene for glabrous hull in annual canarygrass affect the response to chloride fertilizer?

Abstract

. 2013. Does the presence of the gene for glabrous hull in annual canarygrass affect the response to chloride fertilizer? Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 109Á118. Annual canarygrass is an important cereal crop in western Canada with a unique niche market as feed for caged birds. Chloride (Cl) fertilizer has been shown to increase seed yield in annual canarygrass; however, the response was only tested in one glabrous cultivar. Currently, glabrous cultivars created through mutagenesis, are lower yielding than cultivars with trichomes on their lemma, palea and glumes. The objective of this study was to determine if the mutagenic process which created cultivars that lack trichomes on their lemma, palea and glumes also affected the response of annual canarygrass to chloride fertilizer. A two-way factorial study was conducted across 7 site-years. The first factor was Cl applied at two rates (0 and 18.2 kg Cl ha(1 ) and the second factor was four cultivars (Keet, Cantate, CDC Togo (glabrous) and CDC Bastia (glabrous). The application of Cl increased the seed yield of annual canarygrass by 25% and most of this increase was due to a 21% increase in seeds per panicle. Kernel weight also contributed to increased seed yield. Chloride did not interact with the presence or absence of trichomes and therefore growers can expect to receive a yield increase from the application of Cl regardless of the annual canarygrass cultivar grown. Growers should apply 9 kg ha(1 of Cl when growing annual canarygrass. In conclusion, Cl is not involved in the physiology of the lower yield in glabrous cultivars compared with cultivars with trichomes, and Cl could not explain the seed yield differences between the two types of annual canarygrass.Key words: Canaryseed, annual canarygrass, environmental conditions, seed yield, yield stability May, W. E., Holzapfel, C. B., Lafond, G. P. et Schoenau, J. J. 2013. La pre´sence du ge`ne de la cosse glabre chez l'alpiste roseau affecte-t-elle la re´action aux engrais contenant du chlore? Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 109Á118. L'alpiste roseau est une importante ce´re´ale annuelle dans l'ouest du Canada. Cette culture occupe un cre´neau unique, qui est celui de la nourriture pour les oiseaux en cage. On sait que les engrais a`base de chlore (Cl) accroissent le rendement grainier de l'alpiste, cependant, cette re´action n'a e´te´teste´e que sur un cultivar glabre. Or, a`l'heure actuelle, les varie´te´s glabres, qui re´sultent de la mutage´ne`se, s'ave`rent moins productifs que les cultivars pre´sentant des trichomes sur leur lemme, leur pale´ole et leurs glumelles. L'e´tude devait e´tablir si le processus de mutage´ne`se a`l'origine des cultivars sans trichomes sur le lemme, le pale´ole et les glumelles modifie aussi la re´action de l'alpiste roseau annuel aux engrais renfermant du chlore. À cette fin, les auteurs ont proce´de´a`une expe´rience bifactorielle pendant 7 anne´es-sites. Le premier facteur consistait en deux taux d'application de l'engrais Cl (0 et 18,2 kg de Cl par hectare) et le second, en quatre cultivars [...