Does Uber affect bicycle-sharing usage? Evidence from a natural experiment in Budapest

Short- and long-term effects of COVID-19 on bicycle sharing usage

“…Traffic declined again, albeit much less compared to the spring period. However, at the end of September, when the peak period of the BSS normally ends due to colder weather ( Bakó et al, 2020 ), usage declined substantially. Government restrictions were reintroduced only at the beginning of November.…”

“…The number of trips and their average duration were calculated by day and generating station. Since BSS usage patterns are different on workdays and weekends ( Faghih-Imani and Eluru, 2015 , El-Assi et al, 2017 , Bakó et al, 2020 ), these two types of trips were analysed separately. Workday usage is mainly connected to commuting to work, while weekend usage is more about leisure trips.…”

“…Regarding the control variables, one of the most important determinants of BSS usage are weather conditions ( Saneinejad et al, 2012 , Gebhart and Noland, 2014 , Liu et al, 2015 , El-Assi et al, 2017 , de Chardon et al, 2017 , Chang et al, 2019 , Bakó et al, 2020 ). Daily average temperature, daily total precipitation, and daily average wind speed data for Budapest were collected from the NASA Power Data Access Database.…”

“…Daily average temperature, daily total precipitation, and daily average wind speed data for Budapest were collected from the NASA Power Data Access Database. Since the effect of temperature on BSS usage is not linear, 5 °C intervals were applied similarly to Gebhart and Noland, 2014 , Bakó et al, 2020 .…”

Data Analysis of Pile-free bike-sharing from Market Status to Operation Management Mode

“…In the competitive relationship with buses, the use of bikesharing leads to a decrease in the number of shared routes and bus passengers on weekends. In the competitive relationship with Uber, temporary users take bike-sharing and Uber as alternative products [12 ]. In the competitive relationship with the piled bike-sharing, the launch and use of the piling-free bike-sharing system resulted in a significant decrease in the weekly average usage of each LCH docking station, and the short-distance (1-0) km trip of LCH was replaced by the short-distance bicycle (1-0 km), while the trip of midway km also decreased, especially in the peak hours of commuting on weekdays and leisure on weekends [13] .…”