Does vitamin D deficiency play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure? Do supplements improve survival?

Association between vitamin D deficiency and heart failure in the elderly

“…In the cardiovascular system, it regulates the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS), inhibits vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and suppresses cardiac hypertrophy and hypercontractility [1].…”

“…Reactive derivatives from non-enzymatic glucose-protein condensation reactions, as well as lipids and nucleic acids exposed to reducing sugars, form a heterogeneous group of irreversible adducts called "advanced glycation end products (AGEs)" [1]. The formation and accumulation of AGEs have been known to progress at an accelerated rate under diabetes [1].…”

“…The formation and accumulation of AGEs have been known to progress at an accelerated rate under diabetes [1]. There is accumulating evidence that AGEs and their receptor RAGE interaction elicits oxidative stress generation and inflammatory reactions, thereby being involved in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in diabetes [2,3].…”

Vitamin D Levels Predict the Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Systolic Heart Failure

“…Animal studies indicated that vitamin D inhibits RAAS, which then contributes to the salt and water retention seen in HF. [5] Overactivation of RAAS has also been reported in HF patients with vitamin D deficiency, and blockade of this system serves as cornerstone of medical management of HF. [6,13] In addition, vitamin D has a number of effects that should help prevent hypertension, an important risk factor for HF.…”

“…In the cardiovascular system, vitamin D regulates the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), inhibits vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and suppresses cardiac hypertrophy and hypercontractility. [5] Furthermore, experimental and epidemiological evidence has emphasized that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in various cardiac diseases. [6] It was discovered that HF patients have low vitamin D concentrations, and this has been associated with poor cardiac reserve.…”