Does working memory training improve emotion regulation and reduce internalizing symptoms? A pair of three-level meta-analyses

Cui, Xiaobing; Zhang, Siyuan; Yu, Shuting; Ding, Qingwen; Li, Xuebing

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104549

Behaviour Research and Therapy

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104549

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Does working memory training improve emotion regulation and reduce internalizing symptoms? A pair of three-level meta-analyses

Xiaobing Cui,

Siyuan Zhang,

Shuting Yu

et al.

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Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

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The deficit in cognitive reappraisal capacity in individuals with anxiety or depressive disorders: meta-analyses of behavioral and neuroimaging studies

Cui,

Ding,

et al. 2024

Clinical Psychology Review

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The deficit in cognitive reappraisal capacity in individuals with anxiety or depressive disorders: meta-analyses of behavioral and neuroimaging studies

Cui,

Ding,

et al. 2024

Clinical Psychology Review

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Examining Working Memory Training for Healthy Adults—A Second-Order Meta-Analysis

Syed,

Lum,

Byrne

et al. 2024

J. Intell.

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Background: Enhancing working memory performance in cognitively and physically healthy individuals is a popular area of research. The results from a large number of studies have now been summarized in multiple meta-analyses. In these reviews, various training methods have been examined, including mindfulness training, adaptive working memory training, physical activity training, and video game training, to examine whether working memory capacity can be improved. This report aggregated the results of these meta-analyses using second-order meta-analytic approaches to ascertain the extent to which working memory functioning can be enhanced in healthy adults. Methods: A total of six meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials that compared working memory interventions to a control group were included in the analyses. These studies were identified after systematically searching three electronic databases: APA PsycInfo, ERIC and Medline. Collectively, the meta-analyses investigated the effects of cognitive programs, mindfulness, video games and physical activity on working memory. Only meta-analyses undertaken with healthy adults aged between 18 and 55 years were included in the report. Results: The results revealed an average improvement in working memory across the included studies compared to the control groups. The findings indicated a small yet significant enhancement in working memory, with a standardized mean difference of 0.335 (95% CI [0.223; 0.447], p < .001). Further analysis tests for superiority effects between the different working memory training programs revealed no significant differences between intervention effect sizes. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the working memory capacity of healthy adults can be improved through training. However, the effect size is small, so the utility of this type of training in real-life improvements in cognition may be minimal. The evidence does not indicate that one type of working memory training is superior to another.

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Intervention effect of exercise on working memory in patients with depression: a systematic review

Liu,

Chen,

Yun

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Background This article aims to systematically evaluate the intervention effect of exercise on working memory in patients with depression. Methods Six Chinese and English databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about exercise on working memory in patients with depression. PEDro scale was adopted to evaluate the methodological quality of the included articles, GRADEpro scale was employed to evaluate the level of evidence for outcomes, and the Metafor Package in R 4.4.1 was used to analyze the combined effect size, subgroup analyses and publication bias. Results A total of 15 studies were included. The meta-analysis indicated that exercise had a statistically significant effect on working memory in patients with depression, with an effect size of 0.16 (95% CI [0.03–0.28], p = 0.02). Exercise type (F(3,34) = 1.99, p = 0.13), intervention content (F(1,36) = 1.60, p = 0.22), and exercise duration (F(1,36) = 0.05, p = 0.83) did not moderate the effect, whereas exercise intensity showed a moderating effect (F(2,35) = 8.83, p < 0.01). There was evidence of publication bias in the study results (t = 2.52, p = 0.02). Conclusion Exercise can improve the working memory of patients with depression, and its moderating effect is the best when having low-intensity and moderate-intensity. Research plan was registered in international system evaluation platform PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/) (CRD42023475325).

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Does working memory training improve emotion regulation and reduce internalizing symptoms? A pair of three-level meta-analyses

Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

The deficit in cognitive reappraisal capacity in individuals with anxiety or depressive disorders: meta-analyses of behavioral and neuroimaging studies

The deficit in cognitive reappraisal capacity in individuals with anxiety or depressive disorders: meta-analyses of behavioral and neuroimaging studies

Examining Working Memory Training for Healthy Adults—A Second-Order Meta-Analysis

Intervention effect of exercise on working memory in patients with depression: a systematic review

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