Dog Bites and Their Treatment in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Katica, Muhamed; Obradović, Zarema; Ahmed, N.; Dervišević, Emina; Delibegović, Samir

doi:10.5152/cjms.2019.868

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Several studies [19][20][21][22][23] described Gramnegative bacteria as the most common bacteria involved in animal bite complications, such as Pasteurella spp., Neisseria spp., Moraxella spp., and Enterobacteriaceae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, which includes E. coli and P. mirabilis, are known to be natural inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals [20][21][22][23][24][25]. These bacteria are also found in the esophagus and/or the mouth of dogs and cats [23,25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both E. coli and P. mirabilis are very important human pathogens that lead to numerous health manifestations, such as wound infections and abscesses, urinary tract infection, septicemia, meningitis, and fatal endotoxemia [20][21][22][23][24][25]. It is also established that these bacteria are multidrug-resistant enterobacteria that generate nosocomial infections [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be due to many factors, such as age, sex, breed, diet, and living conditions [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In addition, many studies show that the normal oral flora varies depending on the sampling season, sampling mouth area, periodontal health [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], and geographical location [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pasteurella species are small, non-motile, facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative coccobacilli, found in the upper respiratory tracts of many domestic and wild animals, including dogs and cats, which have particularly high colonization rates [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral flora of stray dogs and cats in Algeria: Pasteurella and other zoonotic bacteria

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Knowledge of potentially pathogenic bacteria presents in the oral cavity of dogs and cats may be helpful in determining appropriate treatment for infected bite wounds. About 120.000 people are exposed to dog and cat bites every year in Algeria, but little is known about the dog and cat oral flora causing bite wound complications. The purpose of this study was to identify potential zoonotic bacteria from oral cavity of dogs and cats and to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics to contribute to the treatment of bite wound infection. Materials and Methods: Oral swabs from 100 stray dogs and 100 stray cats were collected and cultured in several media: Chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and Mannitol Salt Agar. Bacterial isolates were identified using several commercial kits of the analytical profile index and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion method. Results: Overall, 185/200 (92.5%) dogs and cats carried zoonotic bacteria in their mouths, of which 55.13% (102/185) had at least two bacterial pathogens. 374 pathogenic strains belonging to 15 genera were isolated: Eleven were Gram-negative (Proteus, Pasteurella, Escherichia, Moraxella, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, and Neisseria Haemophilus) and four were Gram-positive (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Corynebacterium, Bacillus). Fifty-one strains of Pasteurella were isolated from 44 carriers of Pasteurella (21 Pasteurella multocida, 21 Pasteurella pneumotropica, and 9 Pasteurella spp.). Pasteurella strains were tested for antibiotic resistance. Resistance to at least one drug was observed in 8 (15.68%) of Pasteurella isolates and two strains (3.92%) were found to be multidrug-resistant (to two or more drugs). Erythromycin, penicillin, and ampicillin were the antimicrobials to which the isolates showed greater resistance (7.84%, 5.88%, and 3.92%, respectively). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in Algeria to detect potential human pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity of dogs and cats. It reveals that these animals have multiple zoonotic bacteria in their mouths including Pasteurella species, which may be multidrug-resistant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Oral flora of stray dogs and cats in Algeria: Pasteurella and other zoonotic bacteria

et al. 2020

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Antibiotic Susceptibility of Zoonotic Bacteria Isolated From Oral Cavities of Indigenous Dogs From Semi‐Urban Areas in Uganda

Mukasa,

Ogwang,

Owor

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Dog bites are a source of zoonotic infections to humans, such as pasteurellosis and meningitis. Zoonotic bacterial identification and their antibiotic susceptibility assessment are key towards the successful management of such infections. This study isolated and identified zoonotic bacterial species from the oral cavities of indigenous dogs and also determined their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Oral swab samples collected from 54 indigenous dogs (domestic [36] and stray [18]) were cultured on agar media, and then on selective‐differential media. The colony morphology and conventional biochemical tests were used to identify the bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. A total of 232 bacterial isolates were obtained, from which 29 bacteria species (18 Gram‐negative and 11 Gram‐positive) belonging to 19 genera and 13 families were identified. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria species constituted 69% and 31%, respectively. The most prevalent bacteria species was Staphylococcus aureus (10.8%) followed by Escherichia coli (9.5%), while Yersinia enterocolitica (0.4%) was the least common. Most bacteria species belonged to family Enterobacteriaceae (11) followed by Vibrionaceae (04). All the sampled dogs had a number of multi‐drug–resistant superbugs in their oral cavities. However, all the tested bacterial isolates were only susceptible to imipenem and chloramphenicol. All the identified bacteria species were resistant to metronidazole, amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid and ceftazidime. Therefore, antibiotics such as imipenem and chloramphenicol could be of better choice for managing dog bite infections compared to the antibiotics recommended by Uganda Clinical Guidelines, such as metronidazole and amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid.

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High‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR for the simultaneous detection of selected vector‐borne pathogens in dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Colella

Huggins

Hodžić

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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A scarcity of information on the occurrence of zoonotic vector‐borne pathogens (VBPs), alongside a lack of human and animal health authorities’ awareness of pre‐existing data, augment the risk of VBP infection for local people and limit our ability to establish control programs. This holds especially true in low‐middle income countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). This dearth of information on zoonotic VBPs is bolstered by the inability of previously used diagnostic tests, including conventional molecular diagnostic methods, to detect the full spectrum of relevant pathogens. Considering this, we set out to apply a microfluidic qPCR assay capable of detecting 43 bacterial and protozoan pathogens from blood to accrue critical baseline data for VBPs occurrence in BiH. A total of 408 dogs were tested of which half were infected with at least one VBP of zoonotic or veterinary importance. Leishmania infantum was found in 18% of dogs, reaching a prevalence as high as 38% in urbanized areas of Sarajevo. These data highlight substantially higher levels of L. infantum prevalence when compared to that previously reported using conventional methods using the same samples. Additionally, this high‐throughput microfluidic qPCR assay was able to detect pathogens rarely or never reported in canines in BiH, including Anaplasma phagocytophilum (3%), Anaplasma platys (0.2%), haemotropic Mycoplasma (1%) and Hepatozoon canis (26%). Our report of the endemicity of important zoonotic pathogens and those of clinical significance to dogs emphasizes the need for urgent implementation of surveillance and control for VBPs in BiH, targeting both animal and human infections within the country.

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Dog Bites and Their Treatment in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Oral flora of stray dogs and cats in Algeria: Pasteurella and other zoonotic bacteria

Oral flora of stray dogs and cats in Algeria: Pasteurella and other zoonotic bacteria

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Zoonotic Bacteria Isolated From Oral Cavities of Indigenous Dogs From Semi‐Urban Areas in Uganda

High‐throughput microfluidic real‐time PCR for the simultaneous detection of selected vector‐borne pathogens in dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

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