Dog saliva – an important source of dog allergens

Abstract

BackgroundAllergy to dog (Canis familiaris) is a worldwide common cause of asthma and allergic rhinitis. However, dander extract in routine diagnostics is not an optimal predictor of IgE-mediated dog allergy. Our objective was to evaluate saliva as an allergen source for improved diagnostics of allergy to dog.MethodsIgE-binding proteins in dog saliva and dander extract were analysed by immunoblot and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using pooled or individual sera from dog-allergic patients (n = 13). Sera from 59 patients IgE positive to dander and 55 patients IgE negative to dander but with symptoms to dog were analysed for IgE against saliva and dander by ELISA. Basophil stimulation with dog saliva and dander extract was measured by flow cytometry among three dog-allergic patients. Additionally, IgE-binding protein profiles of saliva from different breeds were investigated by immunoblot.ResultsGreater number and diversity of IgE-binding proteins was found in saliva compared to dander extract and varied among dog breeds. In saliva, Can f 1, 2, 3 and 6 were identified but also four new saliva allergen candidates. The majority of the 59 dog dander–positive sera (n = 44) were IgE positive to dog saliva. Among patients IgE negative to dander, but with symptoms to dog, 20% were IgE positive to saliva. The biological activity of saliva was confirmed by basophil degranulation.ConclusionsDog saliva is an allergen source for improved diagnostics of dog allergy. The IgE-binding protein profile of saliva from different dogs varies.

6th International Symposium on Molecular Allergology (ISMA)

“…SIT for pets is highly efficient and secure despite polysensitization and polyallergy. As for Canf1 for dog allergy [8], Feld1 alone seems not sufficient for diagnosis and consecutively treating cat allergic patient. + T cells in all allergic manifestations, however, largest numbers were detected upon stimulation with house dust mite & grass pollen extracts.…”

“…Serum specific IgE (sIgE) to crossreactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) and raw peanut extract were also assessed. ALFA results for sIgE (colorimetric result units) were compared to ImmunoCAP 250 (expressed in kU A /L) and ImmunoCAP ISAC (expressed in ISU) sIgE data for the same serum samples from 19 peanut-allergic patients (9 boys) with a median age of 10 years (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). For semiquantitative comparison, we defined 7 classes for each method, based on the intensity of the sIgE signal.…”

“…We aimed this study to investigate whether the development of the IgE response to house dust mite allergen molecules follows similar rules. 8.9 (±0.85) (Der p 1) and 9.6 (±0.98) (Der p 23). All the other allergens were detected in less than 50 % of the cases.…”

“…Data of 510 patients with suspicion of food or pollen allergy was analysed. We included 82 adults, age median 32 years [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], and 428 children, age median 5 years [4][5][6][7][8]. 262 (51.4 %) patients were men and 248 (48.6 %) women.…”

Human Saliva Acting as an Allergen

“…A recent article has shown that dog saliva is an important source of dog allergens with four new allergens that are not normally present in the current dog extracts. Also the IgE binding proteins in saliva from different breeds of dog vary [3]. Patients often tell us that some breeds of dogs cause more allergic symptoms than others.…”