Domain wall theory and exchange stiffness in Co/Pd multilayers

Kamberský, V.; Haan, P. de; Šimšová, J.; Porthun, S.; Gemperle, R.; Lodder, J.C.

doi:10.1016/0304-8853(95)01162-5

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…4(b)]. Matching the width with experimental results suggests an exchange stiffness between 23-30 pJ=m, similar to that of bulk Co and expected for Co=Pd multilayers with an ultrathin Pd spacer [47]. However, η varies significantly with both A ex and D [Figs.…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

Quantification of Mixed Bloch-Néel Topological Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in Co/Pd Multilayers

et al. 2019

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The three-dimensional structure of nanoscale topological spin textures stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is governed by the delicate competition between the exchange, demagnetization, and anisotropy energies. The quantification of such spin textures through direct experimental methods is crucial towards understanding the fundamental physics associated with their ordering, as well as their manipulation in spintronic devices. Here, we extend the Lorentz transmission electron microscopy technique to quantify mixed Bloch-Néel chiral spin textures stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Co=Pd multilayers. Analysis of the observed intensities under varied imaging conditions coupled to corroborative micromagnetic simulations yields vital parameters that dictate the stability and properties of the complex spin texture, namely, the degree of mixed Bloch-Néel character, the domain wall width, the strength of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, and the exchange stiffness. This approach provides the necessary framework for the application of quantitative Lorentz phase microscopy to a broad array of topological spin systems.

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supporting

confidence: 65%

Quantification of Mixed Bloch-Néel Topological Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in Co/Pd Multilayers

et al. 2019

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“…Instead, we prove and test a single layer effective medium model 5,8,13 . In accordance with this model, the multilayers can be effectively treated as a single layer film with thickness d = N P with magnetic constants scaled by a factor f = T P 8,13 .…”

Section: Extension To Multilayers and Revised Effective Medium Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also consider the multidomain state, calculating its equilibrium domain size and domain wall width. We extend our calculations to multilayers, for which we derive the exact analytical energy expressions and rigorously prove the limits of the previously suggested effective medium approach 5,8,13 with incorporated Zeeman and volume stray field energy effects. We use micromagnetic simulations to confirm our calculations as well as to compare the labyrinthine (maze-like) domains that are more common experimentally, with the binary stripe pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate model of the stripe domain phase of perpendicularly magnetized multilayers

2017

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We develop an accurate analytical model for the stray field energy of parallel stripe domains in multilayer films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, taking into account the effects of finite domain wall width and variable domain wall angle. By minimizing the total energy we predict the domain width, the domain wall width, and the domain wall angle for given material parameters. We show how the domain wall width depends on the film thickness and the domain size. We explore the domain wall angle as a function of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and derive a threshold value D thr beyond which the system is in a Néel state. We find that thicker films require larger values of DMI to stabilize the Néel state. Finally, we test the effective medium theory, which allows treating multilayers as effective single layer films and provide criteria for the applicability of the model in the presence of both surface and volume stray fields. Our results are supported by micromagnetic simulations, which indicate that the predictions are still precise even if the system is in a labyrinthine domain state. Using our model, otherwise inaccessible magnetic parameters, such as the DMI constant or the exchange constant, can now be obtained straight-forwardly from static measurements of the stripe domain width in such films.

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“…3͑a͒, consistent with the reported value from literature. 30 Material parameters for the NiFe layer are K 2 =0 mJ/ m 3 , M 2 = 0.687 MA/ m, as derived from VSM and FMR measurements, and A 2 =13 pJ/ m. 31 Quantitatively, the experimental and simulated OOP remanence curves, Fig. 3͑a͒, match exceptionally well for 5 nmՅ t NiFe Յ 8 nm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

[Co/Pd]–NiFe exchange springs with tunable magnetization tilt angle

Nguyễn

Fang

Fallahi

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

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We investigate exchange coupled [Co/Pd]5–NiFe thin films. Due to competition between the in-plane shape anisotropy of the NiFe and strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the [Co/Pd]5 multilayer, unique magnetic configurations are achievable. In particular, we explore the out-of-plane magnetization tilt angle of the NiFe layer. Experimental results, based on conventional magnetometry, ferromagnetic resonance, and magnetic force microscopy, agree well with one-dimensional micromagnetic simulations. We find that the tilt angle is highly tunable (0°–60°) over a small range of NiFe thicknesses (4.8–8 nm). Potential applications for high power, zero-field operation spin torque oscillators are discussed.

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Domain wall theory and exchange stiffness in Co/Pd multilayers

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Quantification of Mixed Bloch-Néel Topological Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in Co/Pd Multilayers

Quantification of Mixed Bloch-Néel Topological Spin Textures Stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in Co/Pd Multilayers

Accurate model of the stripe domain phase of perpendicularly magnetized multilayers

[Co/Pd]–NiFe exchange springs with tunable magnetization tilt angle

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