Domestic sewage and secondary effluent treatment using vertical submerged biological filter

Abstract

Abstract. Biological filter (bio-filter) exhibits a high potential for sustainability because construction and maintenance cost are low. When bio-filters are used as pre-treatment or post-treatment technology, other treat steps in the combined treat process could prevent clogging and get better process stability and performance efficiency. This study considered bio-filters for reducing the amounts of various wastewaters, i.e., high-strength sewage, municipal wastewater and secondary effluent water, using five kinds of media. The results obtained indicate significant improvement in organics removal when influent COD are 1500 mg/L and 2500 mg/L for anaerobic and aerobic biofilters, respectively. Sufficient alkalinity would obviously improve the substrate removal in an anaerobic bio-filter, when treating high-strength wastewater. The performances of bio-filters are adequate for further removal of the residual organic material and nutrient elements for tertiary domestic wastewater treatment.

Immobilized and granular biomass systems

“…It is worth noting that COD removal efficiencies of 80% are higher than the ones reported by Kobayashi et al (1983) (i.e., 73-77%) for an UAF packed with PVC tubes and operating at higher HRTs and temperatures. Yang et al (2017) investigated the performance of UAFs, for different filter media, in treating several wastewaters, from high-strength synthetic DWW to secondary effluent. They employed a bioreactor consisting of a circular column (height 1.2 m, internal diameter 0.48 m, efficient volume 120 L), with a perforated plate at the bottom.…”

“…Also for BOD, concrete block and brick exhibited the lowest performance (65.3% and 53.5%, respectively), while ceramsite and cinder displayed intermediate results (76.3% and 74.4%, respectively). To sum up, the results from Yang et al (2017) highlighted that UAFs could be a feasible technology to remove the main 'gross parameters' either from high-strength or low-strength wastewater, and can be potentially employed also as a polishing stage.…”

Pollutant Removal from Sewage in Tropical Climate by Constructed Wetland System: An Asset for Irrigation

“…The microbial community is highly active near the root zone favouring organic removal (Prajapati et al 2017). Yang et al (2017) reported that as the OLR increases, the removal rate of BOD and COD in aerobic bio filters increased. The efficiency of wetland in organic removal is higher in summer than other seasons (Ramakrishna Rao et al 2013).…”

“…Lower HRT in CWS is associated with incomplete denitrification of wastewater because N removal requires longer HRT than organic removal (Lee et al 2015). As OLR increases, the removal rate of ammoniacal nitrogen in aerobic biofilters increased (Yang et al 2017). Nitrogen removal is higher in vertical flow because it provides the suitable conditions for nitrification process and removal of 19-53.3% of TKN was achieved in hybrid constructed wetland system (Lee et al 2015).…”