Domestic Violence in India

Kimuna, Sitawa R.; Djamba, Yanyi K.; Ciciurkaite, Gabriele; Cherukuri, Suvarna

doi:10.1177/0886260512455867

Cited by 111 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In South Asia gender roles are rigid and there are widespread, deep-rooted patriarchal values that emphasise male authority in several aspects of everyday life. Patriarchal culture enforces male dominance and entitlement to control [18] and violence is used to control female obedience [19] and to disciplining women [20]. In many parts of South Asia the police force, legal departments and health sectors are permeated with patriarchal norms and values, which make help-seeking difficult for women [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and predictors of help-seeking for women exposed to spousal violence in India – a cross-sectional study

Leonardsson

Sebastián

2017

BMC Women's Health

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BackgroundSpousal violence against women is prevalent in India (29%). Studies from various countries have shown that few women exposed to intimate partner violence or spousal violence seek help, especially in low-income countries. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and predictors of help-seeking among women in India who have experienced various types of spousal violence.MethodsCross-sectional data on 19,125 married, separated, divorced or widowed women in India who had experienced physical or sexual violence at the hands of their husbands were obtained from the India National Family Health Survey III 2005–2006. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out.ResultsLess than one fourth (23.7%) of married, separated, divorced or widowed women in India who had experienced some form of physical or sexual spousal violence had sought help, but only 1% had sought help from formal institutions. Help-seeking was most prevalent in women who had been exposed to a combination of physical, sexual and emotional abuse (48.8%) and the least prevalent in women who had experienced sexual violence only (1.5%). Experience of severe violence and violence resulting in injury were the strongest predictors of help-seeking. Having education, being Christian or an acknowledged adherent of another minority religion - mainly Buddhism and Sikhism (Islam not included), getting married after the age of 21 and living in the South region were also associated with seeking help. Women in the North and Northeast regions were less likely to seek help, as were women with children and women who thought that a husband could be justified in hitting his wife.ConclusionsVery few Indian women who experience spousal violence seek help. The characteristics of the violence are the strongest predictors of help-seeking, but sociodemographic factors are also influential. We recommend efforts to ensure educational attainment for girls, prevention of child marriages, and that police officers and health care staff should be educated about intimate partner violence and in how to respond to women who seek help. It is important to tackle norms and attitudes surrounding violence against women, as well as attitudes to women who disclose violence.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12905-017-0453-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to 1983, India did not have any legal regulations on violence within marriage [19]. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (PWDVA) was passed in 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of help-seeking for women exposed to spousal violence in India – a cross-sectional study

Leonardsson

Sebastián

2017

BMC Women's Health

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“…In addition, female students tend to have a higher level of awareness of violence against women than male students (Agrawal & Banerjee, 2010). Social and cultural norms, in which younger women have less power than male or older female family members within a family, are closely related to violence against women (Kamimura, Nourian, Assasnik, Rathi, & Franchek-Roa, 2016;Kimuna, Djamba, Ciciurkaite, & Cherukuri, 2013).…”

Section: Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rape Myth Acceptance Among College Students in the United States, Japan, and India

et al. 2016

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Rape myth acceptance is an important determinant of sexual assault behaviors. This study explored country and gender differences in rape myth acceptance among undergraduate students in the United States, Japan, and India. Male and female college students (N = 637) in these three countries participated in a self-administered survey in the fall of 2012 (the United States, n = 206; Japan, n = 215; and India, n = 216). The order of the countries arranged in increasing order of likelihood of disbelieving rape claim was as follows: the United States, Japan, and India. U.S. and Japanese students were less likely to disbelieve rape claims (p < .01) while U.S. students also were less likely to believe that victims are responsible for rape (p < .01). Overall, female participants were less likely to believe in the rape myth acceptance, disbelief of rape claim and victims are responsible for rape (p < .05). Acceptance of rape myth also varied by whether a participant knew about an organization or who do not believe they would seek help for sexual assault. Non-help seeking is associated with rape myth acceptance. This study, which used the same survey and data collection methods, provides comparative information on rape myth acceptance among college students in the United States, Japan, and India, which is not otherwise available, and contributes to providing fundamental knowledge to develop country-specific prevention programs.

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“…The results of this study suggest women utilizing community health centers reported not only high prevalence of abuse experience but also multiple perpetrators (parents/other adults, spouse, in-laws) and types of abuse (physical, sexual, and emotional abuse). The prevalence of physical and sexual abuse among the participants was higher than the national average (Kimuna et al, 2013). Health care providers should assess each type of abuse and take an active role to deal with patients with multiple types of abuse, which can significantly affect their health (Fanslow & Robinson, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Violence against women in India is closely related to social and cultural norms and the notion of power dynamics in a family (Kimuna, Djamba, Ciciurkaite, & Cherukuri, 2013). Examining multiple types of family violence, not just one type of family violence, may better describe culture or power dynamics that cause violence against women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Partner Violence, Childhood Abuse, and In-Law Abuse Among Women Utilizing Community Health Services in Gujarat, India

Kamimura

Ganta

Myers

et al. 2015

J Interpers Violence

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Previous studies in India suggest high prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV), childhood abuse, and abuse from in-laws. Yet few studies examined IPV, childhood abuse, and abuse from in-laws together. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between IPV, childhood abuse, and abuse from in-laws, and types of abuse (physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) among women utilizing community health services for the economically disadvantaged in India. This study contributes to expanding the literature on abuse experience and providing knowledge for developing intervention programs and research projects to improve health and safety of economically disadvantaged women. The data were collected from women aged 18 years old or older at 18 community health centers that are primarily for the economically disadvantaged in Gujarat, India, in October and November 2013. Of the 219 women who completed a self-administered survey, 167 participants, who had ever been married and indicated whether they had been abused by their spouse or not, were included in analysis. More than 60% of the participants experienced IPV, childhood abuse, and/or abuse from in-laws, often with multiple types of abuse. Physical abuse is a major issue for IPV, childhood abuse, and in-law abuse. Emotional abuse potentially happens along with physical and/or sexual abuse. Abuse from in-laws requires greater attention because all types of abuse from in-laws were associated with IPV. Community health centers should provide abuse prevention and intervention programs that have involvement of family members as well as women who are at risk of being abused.

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Domestic Violence in India

Cited by 111 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence and predictors of help-seeking for women exposed to spousal violence in India – a cross-sectional study

Prevalence and predictors of help-seeking for women exposed to spousal violence in India – a cross-sectional study

Rape Myth Acceptance Among College Students in the United States, Japan, and India

Intimate Partner Violence, Childhood Abuse, and In-Law Abuse Among Women Utilizing Community Health Services in Gujarat, India

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