Domestic Violence Prevalence and Effects on Employment in Two California TANF Populations

Meisel, Joan; Chandler, Daniel; Rienzi, Beth Menees

doi:10.1177/1077801203255861

Cited by 70 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This argument is supported by the body of research finding that among low-income and some minority populations, reports of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder are especially high. Among single mothers, during a 12-month period, the prevalence of mental health disorders falls between one third and one half (Meisel, Chandler, & Rienzi, 2003). With such a high prevalence of risk factors in this population, continued research is needed along with interventions to improve the wellbeing of both poor adolescents and their mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty Duration, Maternal Psychological Resources, and Adolescent Socioemotional Outcomes

Goosby

2007

Journal of Family Issues

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This study seeks to assess the impact of maternal psychological well-being on the depression and anxiety levels and social withdrawal in a sample of young African American and Caucasian adolescents between the ages of 10 and 14 ( N = 854) using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 child sample. Analyses using structural equation modeling found (a) that the duration of time mothers spend in poverty strongly predicts maternal mastery and depressive symptoms and (b) that the effects of poverty duration on adolescent outcomes are mediated primarily by maternal depression and sense of mastery even after controlling for parenting behavior and other familial background characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty Duration, Maternal Psychological Resources, and Adolescent Socioemotional Outcomes

Goosby

2007

Journal of Family Issues

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“…Battered women are as likely to be working as their nonabused, low-income counterparts. However, domestic violence may have more subtle effects, such as decreasing the number of hours or quarters worked (HetlingWernyj & Born, 2002;Meisel, Chandler, & Rienzi, 2003), affecting employment stability among those with recent abuse (Browne, Salomon, & Bassuk, 1999,Riger, Staggs, & Schewe, 2004, and increasing the likelihood that a woman will be fired, have to quit a job, or lose pay at work (Brush, 2002;Riger, Ahrens, & Blickenstaff, 2000). Race and ethnicity also affect employment among battered women; prior victimization is associated with unemployment for White women, and current partner abuse decreases employment for Latina women; for African American women, victimization is not associated with employment (Honeycutt et al, 2001).…”

Section: Domestic Violence and Economic Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Effects of Domestic Violence on Employment and Welfare Outcomes

Lindhorst

Oxford

Gillmore

2007

J Interpers Violence

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This study uses longitudinal data spanning 13 years from a study of 234 adolescent mothers to evaluate the effects of cumulative domestic violence on employment and welfare use before and after welfare reform. Domestic violence increased the odds of unemployment after welfare reform, but not before; domestic violence had no effect on welfare use during any time period. Psychological distress after welfare reform was associated with unemployment, but not with welfare outcomes. Thus, the authors found that the direct effect of domestic violence on unemployment is not mediated by concurrent level of psychological distress. The relationship of psychological distress to unemployment exists only for those with a history of domestic violence. Cumulative domestic violence can have negative effects on economic capacity many years after the violence occurs, suggesting that policymakers recognize the long-term nature of the impact of domestic violence on women's capacity to be economically self-reliant.Keywords domestic violence; employment; welfare reform; mental health; adolescent mothers After the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996 (PRWORA; U.S. Pub. L. , researchers began to document that domestic violence is a serious problem for many women interacting with the welfare system (Tolman & Raphael, 2000). Welfare reform shifted policy priorities from the provision of a basic income floor for poor children and their mothers to a primary focus on moving mothers into the workforce. Although research has indicated that economic hardship is one of the main motivations for remaining with a violent partner (see Anderson & Saunders, 2003, for a review), little is known about the long-term effects of intimate partner violence on women's economic resources, particularly under a new welfare policy regime. For economically stressed battered women, employment may be the road to self-sufficiency and freedom from abuse, or it may be an expectation that cannot be fulfilled because of the violence and its consequences (Brandwein, 1999). At this time, no studies are available that assess the long-term impact of domestic violence on economic outcomes such as employment and welfare use since the passage of PRWORA. Further research has been called for that addresses proximal and distal effects of violence, as well as whether these effects are mediated by the mental health sequelae of abuse ).The present study uses prospective longitudinal data spanning 13 years to evaluate the shortand long-term effects of cumulative domestic violence experienced during the transition from adolescence to adulthood on subsequent employment and welfare use. The data derive from a study of adolescent mothers, a group at high risk for poverty because of their early parenting (Garfinkel & McLanahan, 1994) and at high risk for domestic violence because of their age (Straus, Gelles, & Steinmetz, 1980). We assess work and welfare outcomes before and after the implementation of welfare reform, testing first for the direct ...

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“…Women experiencing recent IPV work fewer hours, at lower wages, and have unstable work patterns (defined as more time unemployed). [9][10][11] In 1 qualitative study, over 90% of battered women interviewed had resigned or been terminated from a job in the last 2 years because of domestic violence. 12 Women reported that their partners used several tactics to prevent them from going to work, including physically restraining them or not making a shared car available.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abused Women Disclose Partner Interference with Health Care: An Unrecognized Form of Battering

McCloskey

Williams²,

Lichter

et al. 2007

J GEN INTERN MED

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Domestic Violence Prevalence and Effects on Employment in Two California TANF Populations

Abstract: Random samples of Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) recipients eligible for welfare-to-work activities (N = 632) were surveyed in two California

Cited by 70 publications

References 12 publications

Poverty Duration, Maternal Psychological Resources, and Adolescent Socioemotional Outcomes

Poverty Duration, Maternal Psychological Resources, and Adolescent Socioemotional Outcomes

Longitudinal Effects of Domestic Violence on Employment and Welfare Outcomes

Abused Women Disclose Partner Interference with Health Care: An Unrecognized Form of Battering

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