Domestication and varietal diversification of Old World cultivated cottons (Gossypium sp.) in the Antiquity

Viot, Christopher

doi:10.4000/ethnoecologie.4404

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Two of these are of South and Central American origins, whereas the other two are of the Old World. The two Old World cotton species, both closely related diploids, are Gossypium arboretum from the Indian subcontinent and Gossypium herbaceum from Africa, which were domesticated independently as demonstrated by DNA analysis ( Fuller, 2008 ; Renny-Byfield et al., 2016 ; Viot, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earliest cotton fibers and Pan-regional contacts in the Near East

et al. 2022

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Fiber technology (cordage and textile) has played a central role in all human societies for thousands of years, and its production, application and exchange have deep roots in prehistory. However, fiber remains have only rarely been observed in prehistoric sites because they tend to decay quickly in normal environmental conditions. To overcome preservation problems of macroscopic remains, we employed microbotanical analysis on soils from anthropogenic sediments in activity areas at Tel Tsaf in the Jordan Valley, Israel (ca. 5,200–4,700 cal BC), and recovered fiber microremains. This includes at least two types of bast fibers and the earliest evidence of cotton in the Near East, some of which were dyed in various colors. Some of these fibers likely represent the remnants of ancient clothing, fabric containers, cordage, or other belongings. The cotton remains, probably derived from wild species originating in South Asia, predate the oldest known cotton domestication in the Indus Valley by about two millennia. Tel Tsaf played a pivotal role in trans-regional trade and exchange networks in the southern Levant, and the presence of cotton at the site points to possible connections with the Indus Valley as early as 7,200 years ago.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earliest cotton fibers and Pan-regional contacts in the Near East

et al. 2022

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“…Genomic diversification and geographical dispersion of Gossypium, hypothetical regions of domestication, and times of earliest use of fibers from the four cultivated cotton species. Sources: Wendel et al, 2009;Gallagher et al, 2017;Viot, 2019. Letters designate genomic groups, with numbers of species in parentheses. Time in years before present.…”

Section: -Evolution Of Gossypium and Origins Of The American Clades A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cotton cultivation and use was well developed in northern South America at the time when migrants from there came to Mesoamerica, as explained above, and their knowledge could have been applied to the wild G. hirsutum cotton encountered in the southern Mexico-Guatemala region or the Yucatan Peninsula. The history of the domestication of the diploid African-Asian cotton species G. arboreum and G. herbaceum shows that between the oldest archaeological remains with cotton fibers -logically harvested from wild, instead of cultivated, plants -and the spread of cultivation of cotton and elaboration of cotton textiles, timespans up to thousands of years have passed (Viot, 2019), probably because the wild cotton plant still could not be easily cultivated before some genetic adaptation. We note that this is likely a slow process in Gossypium, because of its relatively long life-cycle and woody perennial nature.…”

Section: Timeline and Location Of G Hirsutum Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Cotton Genus,Gossypium, and Its Domestication in the Americas

Viot¹,

Wendel

2023

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

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“…The roots of domestication dig deep into the soils of India and Mexico, where wild plants first gave way to cultivation around 4000 BCE (Coppens d'Eeckenbrugge and Lacape, 2014;Suomela et al, 2023). Mehrgarh in Pakistan provides a glimpse into the sixth millennium BCE, where archaeological remains hint at the early use of cotton (Moulherat et al, 2002;Viot, 2019). Moving to Africa, the third millennium BCE reveals the earliest cotton textiles in Nubia, though their precise date and origin remain uncertain (Viot, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mehrgarh in Pakistan provides a glimpse into the sixth millennium BCE, where archaeological remains hint at the early use of cotton (Moulherat et al, 2002;Viot, 2019). Moving to Africa, the third millennium BCE reveals the earliest cotton textiles in Nubia, though their precise date and origin remain uncertain (Viot, 2019). In the Classical Antiquity era, the north-eastern part of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula embraced cotton cultivation, as indicated by Bouchaud et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexplored agronomic, socioeconomic and policy domains for sustainable cotton production on small landholdings: a systematic review

Tlatlaa,

Tryphone,

Nassary

2023

Front. Agron.

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Cotton productivity continues to be disputed, despite rapid advancements and widespread technologies. These uncertainties remain to be critically addressed in a broad spectrum focusing on domains at the global level. Therefore, this systematic review provides an overview of the existing advancements in knowledge, skills, and technologies for sustainable cotton production on small landholdings. Specifically, the areas of the cotton chain examined are threefold: - (1) Explore disguised agronomic practices to be endowed for sustainable cotton production on small landholdings; (2) Explore socioeconomic settings based on their disparities in contributing to sustainable cotton production on small landholdings; and (3) Explore existing and feasible institutional policies to be enforced for sustainable cotton production on small landholdings. This review shows that worldwide cotton production involves conventional and organic systems, at the expense of the traditional system. Heavy uses of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides are the common practices in conventional systems, with some adoptions of precision agriculture practices, and genetically modified varieties. Rotation and intercropping with early-maturing food crops are also identified viable options to improve farmers’ attitudes toward adopting cotton-producing technologies. In socioeconomics, farmers’ livelihoods are improved by income generation from sales of cotton and labour in the cotton industry. Gender equity in the cotton industry prioritizes females over males, as females display a group with a higher level of technology adoption. Generally, clear institutional policies governing the cotton industry are globally paucity. Furthermore, efforts to sensitize sustainable cotton production are still highly questionable and challenged by the superseding climate changes.

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Domestication and varietal diversification of Old World cultivated cottons (Gossypium sp.) in the Antiquity

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

The earliest cotton fibers and Pan-regional contacts in the Near East

The earliest cotton fibers and Pan-regional contacts in the Near East

Evolution of the Cotton Genus,Gossypium, and Its Domestication in the Americas

Unexplored agronomic, socioeconomic and policy domains for sustainable cotton production on small landholdings: a systematic review

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