Dominance of two genotypes of Bordetella pertussis during a period of increased pertussis activity in Alberta, Canada: January to August 2012

Simmonds, Kimberley; Fathima, Sumana; Chui, Linda; Lovgren, Marguerite; Shook, Penny; Shuel, Michelle; Tyrrell, Gregory J.; Tsang, Raymond S. W.; Drews, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2014.10.028

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, we did not observe any significant associations between sequence types and patient characteristics, in contrast to a previous study regarding the association of ST-1 with unimmunized individuals in Alberta (25). This finding lends support to the authors' concern regarding potential biases in sample selection for their study, although the effect of the small sample size in our study cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing for Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Bordetella pertussis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes respiratory infections in humans. Ongoing molecular surveillance of B. pertussis acellular vaccine (aP) antigens is critical for understanding the interaction between evolutionary pressures, disease pathogenesis, and vaccine effectiveness. Methods currently used to characterize aP components are relatively labor-intensive and low throughput. To address this challenge, we sought to derive aP antigen genotypes from minimally processed short-read whole-genome sequencing data generated from 40 clinical B. pertussis isolates and analyzed using the SRST2 bioinformatic package. SRST2 was able to identify aP antigen genotypes for all antigens with the exception of pertactin, possibly due to low read coverage in GC-rich low-complexity regions of variation. Two main genotypes were observed in addition to a singular third genotype that contained an 84-bp deletion that was identified by SRST2 despite the issues in allele calling. This method has the potential to generate large pools of B. pertussis molecular data that can be linked to clinical and epidemiological information to facilitate research of vaccine effectiveness and disease severity in the context of emerging vaccine antigen-deficient strains.KEYWORDS Bordetella pertussis, DNA sequencing, immunization, molecular methods, surveillance studies B ordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium that causes respiratory illness in humans and is commonly referred to as whooping cough. Vaccination is the primary recommended preventative public health intervention, and since the end of the 20th century, vaccination programs in most high-income countries have incorporated acellular component vaccines (aP) as replacements for whole-cell vaccines that have been used for over 60 years, largely due to an improved safety profile (1-5). The aP is the result of decades of research into the immunological properties of B. pertussis and its virulence factors using animal models and in vitro experiments to characterize B. pertussis's mode of infection and pathophysiological effects (6-8). In the context of large and frequent B. pertussis outbreaks and decreasing vaccine effectiveness since the introduction of the aP (albeit to various degrees in different regions), additional research has been conducted to examine how vaccination may be influencing the evolution of B. pertussis and the long-term impact on the effectiveness of B. pertussis vaccines (9-14).Allele typing using select virulence factors has been useful in describing changes across larger evolutionary scales and has been a key tool for associating changes in the B. pertussis population with the introduction of aPs (15-17). The virulence factor typing

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing for Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Bordetella pertussis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in the recent resurgence of pertussis in many countries, a closer investigation on the aspects of pertussis causing its persistence should be prompted. Even with high vaccination rates, many countries have been reporting increasing pertussis cases in both the developed countries (the U.S, U.K, Netherlands, Portugal and Australia) and the developing countries (Cuba, Brazil, Mexico) in recent years2225. Therefore, pertussis remains endemic worldwide which is still an important public health problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time series analysis of temporal trends in the pertussis incidence in Mainland China from 2005 to 2016

Zeng

Huang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Short-term forecast of pertussis incidence is helpful for advanced warning and planning resource needs for future epidemics. By utilizing the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model and Exponential Smoothing (ETS) model as alterative models with R software, this paper analyzed data from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) between January 2005 and June 2016. The ARIMA (0,1,0)(1,1,1)12 model (AICc = 1342.2 BIC = 1350.3) was selected as the best performing ARIMA model and the ETS (M,N,M) model (AICc = 1678.6, BIC = 1715.4) was selected as the best performing ETS model, and the ETS (M,N,M) model with the minimum RMSE was finally selected for in-sample-simulation and out-of-sample forecasting. Descriptive statistics showed that the reported number of pertussis cases by China CDC increased by 66.20% from 2005 (4058 cases) to 2015 (6744 cases). According to Hodrick-Prescott filter, there was an apparent cyclicity and seasonality in the pertussis reports. In out of sample forecasting, the model forecasted a relatively high incidence cases in 2016, which predicates an increasing risk of ongoing pertussis resurgence in the near future. In this regard, the ETS model would be a useful tool in simulating and forecasting the incidence of pertussis, and helping decision makers to take efficient decisions based on the advanced warning of disease incidence.

show abstract

“…In China, the number of reported cases has dramatically decreased since the introduction of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTwP) vaccines in the 1980s. However, even with high vaccination rates, many countries have reported increasing pertussis cases, such as the Netherlands, Australia, the U.S., France, and Canada [ 1 – 5 ]. According to the data reported by China CDC posted on The Data-center of China Public Health Science, from the year of 2004 to 2013, the pertussis incidence rate of the whole country were decreased from 0.362 to 0.1264.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Bordetella pertussis Susceptibility to Erythromycin and Virulence-Related Genotype Changes in China (1970-2014)

Yang

Yao

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo investigate changes in virulence-related genotypes and in the antimicrobial susceptibility of Bordetella pertussis isolates collected from the 1970s to 2014 in the northern part of China.MethodsA total of 124 B. pertussis isolates from three periods, the 1970s, 2000–2008, and May 2013–Sept 2014, were typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence-related genes. A fragment of the 23S rRNA gene from each of the 99 isolates from 2013–2014 was amplified and sequenced.ResultsAll isolates from 2000–2008 and 2013–2014 were identified as ST2, whereas isolates from the 1970s were ST1. PtxA2/ptxC1/ptxP1/prn1/fim2-1/fim3-1/tcfA2, which was the same as the vaccine strain, was the only type in the 1970s. During the 2000s and 2013–2014, the virulence type ptxA1/ptxC1/ptxP1/prn1/fim2-1/fim3-1/tcfA2 was dominant, with frequencies of 68.4% and 91.9%, respectively. Nine ptxP3 strains, which were more virulent, were detected after 2000. All 124 isolates were susceptible to levofloxacin, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline. The isolates from the 1970s and 2000–2008 were susceptible to all tested macrolides, whereas 91.9% of the 2013–2014 isolates were highly resistant (minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC >256 μg/ml). No ptxP3 strain was resistant to macrolides. All erythromycin-resistant strains except for one had the A2047G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene.ConclusionsMacrolide resistance of the B. pertussis population has been a serious problem in the northern part of China. Because most of the epidemic clone of the pathogen expresses the same antigen profiles as the vaccine strain, except ptxA, improvements in immunization strategies may prevent the spread of infection and drug resistance.

show abstract

Dominance of two genotypes of Bordetella pertussis during a period of increased pertussis activity in Alberta, Canada: January to August 2012

Abstract: This study shows the dominance of two genotypes of B. pertussis in our jurisdiction and indicates less pertussis immunization in individuals infected with the ST-1 group.

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing for Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Bordetella pertussis

Short-Read Whole-Genome Sequencing for Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Bordetella pertussis

Time series analysis of temporal trends in the pertussis incidence in Mainland China from 2005 to 2016

Variation in Bordetella pertussis Susceptibility to Erythromycin and Virulence-Related Genotype Changes in China (1970-2014)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About