Domino effect frequency assessment: The role of safety barriers

Landucci, Gabriele; Argenti, Francesca; Spadoni, Gigliola; Cozzani, Valerio

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2016.03.006

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This step is based on the application of a previously developed methodology (Landucci et al, 2016) in which the evaluation of safety barriers performance in the framework of escalation is aimed at quantifying:…”

Section: Identification Of Reference Safety Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of domino scenarios in chemical and process facilities operating in harsh environmental conditions

Bucelli¹,

Landucci²,

Haugen³

et al. 2018

Safety and Reliability – Safe Societies in a Changing World

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Section: Identification Of Reference Safety Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of domino scenarios in chemical and process facilities operating in harsh environmental conditions

Bucelli¹,

Landucci²,

Haugen³

et al. 2018

Safety and Reliability – Safe Societies in a Changing World

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“…Nevertheless, for prolonged fire exposure, the degradation and loss of effectiveness of fireproofing coatings have been documented in experimental and modeling studies. (60,(63)(64)(65) In order to account for these complicating phenomena in the graph model, it is assumed that only a limited fraction of the nominal rating time (120 min) is guaranteed with optimal performance, according to work of Landucci et al: (45,46) -for exposure time lower than or equal to 60 min, the fireproofed tank receives no heat flux (complete shielding effect); -for exposure time higher than 60 min, it is conservatively assumed that the fireproofed tank receives the full heat load due to the fire as in the absence of fireproofing.…”

Section: Passive Protection Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aside from inherently safer design, engineering active and passive safety barriers—also known as add‐on safety barriers—are of utmost importance in the prevention, control, and mitigation of domino effects. Landucci et al . developed a methodology based on event‐tree technique to investigate the impact of the availability and effectiveness of add‐on safety barriers on domino effect propagation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(42)(43)(44) Aside from inherently safer design, engineering active and passive safety barriers-also known as add-on safety barriers-are of utmost importance in the prevention, control, and mitigation of domino effects. Landucci et al (45,46) developed a methodology based on event-tree technique to investigate the impact of the availability and effectiveness of add-on safety barriers on domino effect propagation. (47,48) Nevertheless, an optimal allocation of add-on safety measures with regard to their performance has never been dealt with in the context of domino effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Graph Theory to Cost‐Effective Fire Protection of Chemical Plants During Domino Effects

2016

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In the present study, we have introduced a methodology based on graph theory and multicriteria decision analysis for cost‐effective fire protection of chemical plants subject to fire‐induced domino effects. By modeling domino effects in chemical plants as a directed graph, the graph centrality measures such as out‐closeness and betweenness scores can be used to identify the installations playing a key role in initiating and propagating potential domino effects. It is demonstrated that active fire protection of installations with the highest out‐closeness score and passive fire protection of installations with the highest betweenness score are the most effective strategies for reducing the vulnerability of chemical plants to fire‐induced domino effects. We have employed a dynamic graph analysis to investigate the impact of both the availability and the degradation of fire protection measures over time on the vulnerability of chemical plants. The results obtained from the graph analysis can further be prioritized using multicriteria decision analysis techniques such as the method of reference point to find the most cost‐effective fire protection strategy.

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“…Operating pressure of the tank -16.7 bar p cr [bar] Critical tank pressure R m [MPa] Tensile strength of S355J2G3 steel -490 MPa R e [MPa] Upper yield strength of S355J2G3 steel -355 MPa σ x [MPa] Longitudinal stress of the tank σ θ [MPa] Circumferential stress of the tank λ [m - setting of fragmentation barriers. The fragmentation barriers have a role of protecting process installations from the fragmentation effect [6][7]. The basic characteristics of a fragment are defined by the number, shape, speed, and trajectory [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Model of Fragmentation Hazards Caused by a Tank Explosion

Tepic

Lаlić

Tanackov

et al. 2020

TFAMENA

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The paper analyses the fragmentation of a horizontal cylindrical tank caused by the effect of boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE). A fragmentation model for identification of kinematic parameters is proposed. The originality of the model lies in the introduction of initial acceleration. Using this model, the initial velocity can be assessed without knowing the values of explosion energy and the mass of fragments. The application of this model reduces the uncertainty in assessing the range of fragments and the risk of fragmentation. The initial acceleration of fragments generated in an explosion is assessed according to the geometry and type of the tank material. The initial acceleration, which does not depend on the kinematic parameters of the constant wall thickness of the tank, allows a reliable assessment of the launch angle of a fragment. Characteristic forms of the fragment trajectory are identified, depending on the aerodynamic and thrust acceleration coefficients, and probability distributions of the fragment ranges are given. Relevant factors in the assessment of fragmentation hazards include the trajectory of a fragment, the height of a target and its distance from the tank. It was concluded that aerodynamic fragments at distances of up to 50 m are not a danger to targets of up to 15 m high. Fragments with high air resistance and low thrust can endanger targets of the same height at distances of over 200 m. The presented fragmentation model includes the effect of heating due to the BLEVE effect and can be applied to all types of tanks.

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Domino effect frequency assessment: The role of safety barriers

Cited by 89 publications

References 38 publications

Analysis of domino scenarios in chemical and process facilities operating in harsh environmental conditions

Analysis of domino scenarios in chemical and process facilities operating in harsh environmental conditions

Application of Graph Theory to Cost‐Effective Fire Protection of Chemical Plants During Domino Effects

Numerical Model of Fragmentation Hazards Caused by a Tank Explosion

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