Don't Call It a Comeback: The Criminological and Sociological Study of Subfelonies

Kohler-Hausmann, Issa

doi:10.1146/annurev-criminol-070221-024802

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…An estimated 7 to 8 percent of Ohioans carry a felony record, but for Black Ohioans, that estimate is closer to 25 percent (Shannon et al., 2017). Discrimination leads to disparities in subfelonies as well (Kohler‐Hausmann, 2022). Finding shelter is rarely an individual pursuit but one achieved alongside family or friends, and an estimated 63 percent of Black adults in the United States have had a family member incarcerated (compared with 42 percent of White adults; Enns et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal record stigma, race, and neighborhood inequality

DeMarco

2023

Criminology

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Justice‐involved people experience high levels of housing instability and residential mobility, making the housing search a recurrent part of life. Little is known, however, regarding how criminal record stigma functions in the rental housing market. This article examines how housing providers use criminal records to screen tenants in the rental housing market and whether it varies by type of neighborhood. I conduct an online correspondence audit to test discriminatory behaviors and find an adverse criminal record effect on housing opportunities. Many housing providers disqualify all tenants with a criminal record, even without information about the severity or timing of offenses. The criminal record effect is significantly stronger in gentrifying neighborhoods and in neighborhoods where the proportion of Black residents is dwindling. Tenant screening emerges as a central obstacle faced by the justice‐involved population, vital to understanding the web of disadvantages that traps so many in the wake of the carceral state.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal record stigma, race, and neighborhood inequality

DeMarco

2023

Criminology

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“…Despite such declines, a growing body of research is revealing the often severe consequences of misdemeanor arrests for those arrested, their communities, and police (Kohler-Hausmann 2022). People arrested for misdemeanors are ensnared in the legal system for years as they struggle to pay off their fines and cope with the job, housing, medical, and family stress arrests frequently cause (Kohler-Hausmann 2014; Natapoff 2018; Remster and Kramer 2018).…”

Section: The Misdemeanor Arrest Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We focus on misdemeanor arrests because they are among the most numerous and consequential police actions. They account for 80 percent of all arrests in the typical year and have harmful consequences for those arrested and their communities, despite their limited violence reduction benefits (FBI 2018; Kohler-Hausmann 2022; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2018). Although we focus on misdemeanor arrests, we expect that trends in other police actions will also diffuse spatially.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proximity and Police Departments: Spatial Dynamics of the Misdemeanor Arrest Decline

Beck

Holder

2022

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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What makes police departments change their practices? Do they transform in isolation, or do they mimic their neighbors? Combining insights from organizational theory and urban sociology, the authors argue that organizational change diffuses, in part, through physically proximate institutions. They apply this theory to an underexamined trend: the decline of misdemeanor arrests in the United States between 1990 and 2018. The study first explores the spatial dynamics of low-level law enforcement by graphing and mapping trends across a range of metropolitan types, finding that suburbs made the fewest low-level arrests and central cities reduced their arrests the most during these years. A spatial autoregressive panel data model reveals that police departments decreased their misdemeanor arrests more when nearby departments did so, net of crime rates and other controls, evincing spatial mimicry. Police reform efforts need not target only state and federal governments but can diffuse outward from city-level changes.

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What Is Perceived When Race Is Perceived and Why It Matters for Causal Inference and Discrimination Studies

Hu,

Kohler-Hausmann

2024

Law soc. rev.

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Quantifying the causal effects of race is one of the more controversial and consequential endeavors to have emerged from the causal revolution in the social sciences. The predominant view within the causal inference literature defines the effect of race as the effect of race perception and commonly equates this effect with “disparate treatment” racial discrimination. If these concepts are indeed equivalent, the stakes of these studies are incredibly high as they stand to establish or discredit claims of discrimination in courts, policymaking circles and public opinion. This paper interrogates the assumptions upon which this enterprise has been built. We ask: what is a perception of race, a perception of, exactly? Drawing on a rich tradition of work in critical race theory and social psychology on racial cognition, we argue that perception of race and perception of other decision-relevant features of an action situation are often co-constituted; hence, efforts to distinguish and separate these effects from each other are theoretically misguided. We conclude that empirical studies of discrimination must turn to defining what constitutes just treatment in light of the social differences that define race.

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Don't Call It a Comeback: The Criminological and Sociological Study of Subfelonies

Cited by 4 publications

References 97 publications

Criminal record stigma, race, and neighborhood inequality

Criminal record stigma, race, and neighborhood inequality

Proximity and Police Departments: Spatial Dynamics of the Misdemeanor Arrest Decline

What Is Perceived When Race Is Perceived and Why It Matters for Causal Inference and Discrimination Studies

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