Donnan dialysis enrichment of cations

Cox, James A.; DiNunzio, James E.

doi:10.1021/ac50016a056

Cited by 86 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the other hand, the Donnan dialysis method using cation exchange membranes has been suggested as a simple technique for the separation and concentration valuable ions or in the removal of undesirable ions from aqueous solutions (Wen and Hamil, 1981). The application has been investigated by many investigators, (Wen and Hamil, 1981, Wallace, 1967, Davis et al, 1971, Cox and DiNunzio, 1977. However quantitative analyses of permeation rates of cations based on exchange equilibria and self diffusion coefficients of cations in the membrane have not been made.…”

contrasting

confidence: 72%

A fundamental study on recovery of copper with a cation exchange membrane: Part 1 — Ion exchange equilibria between cupric and hydrogen ions

et al. 1982

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It is possible to concentrate metal ion against the gradient of its concentration through a cation exchange membrane. The membrane has a high ion exchange capacity and is hydrophilic, therefore a rapid transfer rate of ions is expected. Ion exchange equilibrium data between cupric and hydrogen ions for sulfuric and nitric acid systems are obtained and analyzed quantitatively for concentrations of dissociated cupric and hydrogen ions.

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contrasting

confidence: 72%

A fundamental study on recovery of copper with a cation exchange membrane: Part 1 — Ion exchange equilibria between cupric and hydrogen ions

et al. 1982

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“… 26 A possible explanation for the additional removal observed here is ammonium diffusion from the feed toward the concentrate in exchange for other ions that have accumulated in the concentrate solution, an exchange previously described as Donnan dialysis (see Appendix D, Figure S1 ). 33 , 34 After ammonium is removed from the feed, it is converted to ammonia (NH 3 ) in the concentrate compartment. NH 3 is transported through the TMCS module where a sulfuric acid solution is constantly recirculated, converting NH 3 back to ammonium and producing an ammonium sulfate solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimal Bipolar Membrane Cell Configuration for Scaling Up Ammonium Recovery

Rodrigues

Mattos

Sleutels

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Electrochemical systems for total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) recovery are a promising alternative compared with conventional nitrogen-removal technologies. To make them competitive, we propose a new minimal stackable configuration using cell pairs with only bipolar membranes and cation-exchange membranes. The tested bipolar electrodialysis (BP-ED) stack included six cell pairs of feed and concentrate compartments. Critical operational parameters, such as current density and the ratio between applied current to nitrogen loading (load ratio), were varied to investigate the performance of the system using synthetic wastewater with a high nitrogen content as an influent (NH 4 + ≈ 1.75 g L –1 ). High TAN removal (>70%) was achieved for a load ratio higher than 1. At current densities of 150 A m –2 and a load ratio of 1.2, a TAN transport rate of 1145.1±14.1 g N m –2 d –1 and a TAN-removal efficiency of 80% were observed. As the TAN removal was almost constant at different current densities, the BP-ED stack performed at a high TAN transport rate (819.1 g N m –2 d –1 ) while consuming the lowest energy (18.3 kJ g N –1 ) at a load ratio of 1.2 and 100 A m –2 . The TAN transport rate, TAN removal, and energy input achieved by the minimal BP-ED stack demonstrated a promising new cell configuration for upscaling.

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“…When acceptor solution is high in ionic strength relative to the substrate solution, enrichment of cations can occur. This technique, Donnan dialysis, has been extensively studied (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). When the acceptor solution and substrate ionic strengths are matched, the concentrations of the cations in the acceptor and substrate solutions are equal.…”

Section: Literature Citedmentioning

confidence: 99%