Dopamine D2 receptors preferentially regulate the development of light responses of the inner retina

Tian, Na; Xu, Hong; Wang, Ping

doi:10.1111/ejn.12783

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(213 reference statements)

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“…and cats 42 and by genetic KO in mice, 43,44 but is opposite that which is seen in rabbits. 45 We also found that suppression of the b-wave and summed OP amplitudes by the D1R antagonist SCH39166 resembled the ERG phenotype of the D1R-KO mice.…”

Section: D1r-dependent Mechanism Of Apomorphine In Myopiamentioning

confidence: 83%

Dopamine D1 Receptors Contribute Critically to the Apomorphine-Induced Inhibition of Form-Deprivation Myopia in Mice

Huang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To determine the roles of dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) and dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) in the inhibition of form-deprivation myopia (FDM) by the nonselective dopamine agonist apomorphine (APO) in D2R-knockout (D2R-KO) and D1R-KO mice. METHODS.Retinal layer thicknesses and electroretinograms (ERGs) were analyzed in KO mice and in D2R and D1R antagonist-treated mice. D2R-KO or D1R-KO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to form deprivation during postnatal weeks 5 to 8. Both groups were intraperitoneally injected daily with either APO (5 lg/g body weight) dissolved in 1 lg/ lL ascorbic acid or vehicle alone. Refraction, vitreous chamber depth (VCD), and axial length (AL), among other parameters, were measured prior to and at the end of the treatment period.RESULTS. The retinal layer thicknesses and ERGs in KO mice were similar to those treated with D2R and D1R antagonists. APO administration in WT mice inhibited the development of FDM by approximately 80%. FDM in D2R-KO mice was inhibited approximately 50% compared with WT mice and was further inhibited by APO to a level similar to that in APO-treated WT mice. FDM development in D1R-KO mice was similar to that in WT mice and was not affected by APO administration. The changes in VCD and AL were consistent with refraction data.CONCLUSIONS. In mice, APO-mediated FDM inhibition was abolished by D1R KO but not D2R KO. This indicates the specificity of D1Rs for the pharmacologic inhibitory effect of APO on FDM and a nonessential role of D2Rs in this process in mice.

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Section: D1r-dependent Mechanism Of Apomorphine In Myopiamentioning

confidence: 83%

Dopamine D1 Receptors Contribute Critically to the Apomorphine-Induced Inhibition of Form-Deprivation Myopia in Mice

Huang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Smaller a-wave deflections in young mice (P8-P10) were expected, considering the low expression profiles of a number of critical players in the phototransduction cascade [(33) and for a review, see Swaroop, Kim (40)]. Two ERG studies in the anesthetized P13 mouse pup found an approximately 50μV a-wave response to a bright white light stimulus, which would have activated, both m-opsin cones and rods (17, 19). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Mid-Wavelength Photoresponsivity in the Mouse Retina

Bonezzi

Stabio

Renna

2018

Current Eye Research

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Purpose Photoreceptors in the mouse retina express much of the molecular machinery necessary for phototransduction and glutamatergic transmission prior to eye opening at postnatal day 13. Light responses have been observed collectively from rod and cone photoreceptors via electroretinogram recordings as early as postnatal day 13 (P13) in mouse, and the responses are known to become more robust with maturation, reaching a mature state by P30. Photocurrents from single rod outer segments have been recorded at P12, but no earlier, and similar studies on cone photoreceptors have been done, but only in the adult mouse retina. In this study, we wanted to document the earliest time point in which outer retinal photoreceptors in the mouse retina begin to respond to mid-wavelength light. Methods Ex-vivo electroretinogram recordings were made from isolated mouse retinae at P7, P8, P9, P10 and P30 at seven different flash energies (561 nm). The a-wave was pharmacologically isolated and measured at each developmental time point across all flash energies. Results Outer-retinal photoreceptors generated a detectable response to mid-wavelength light as early as P8, but only at photopic flash energies. A-wave intensity response curves and kinetic response properties are similar to the mature retina as early as P10. Conclusion These data represent the earliest recorded outer retinal light responses in the rodent. Photoreceptors are electrically functional and photoresponsive prior to eye opening, and much earlier than previously thought. Prior to eye opening, critical developmental processes occur that have been thought to be independent of outer retinal photic modulation. However, these data suggest light acting through outer-retinal photoreceptors has the potential to shape these critical developmental processes.

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“…Dopamine released in the retina solely by dopaminergic amacrine cells in the light [23][24][25] plays a key role in visual processing, synaptic formation, synaptic transmission, and light adaptation [26,27]. Dopamine D1 receptors are located on horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells (ACs) and RGCs [28,29]; dopamine D2 receptors are expressed by photoreceptors, ACs and RGCs [27,[30][31][32]. Dopamine is arguably involved in visual experience-modulated eye growth [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defocused Images Change Multineuronal Firing Patterns in the Mouse Retina

Banerjee

Wang

et al. 2020

Cells

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Myopia is a major public health problem, affecting one third of the population over 12 years old in the United States and more than 80% of people in Hong Kong. Myopia is attributable to elongation of the eyeball in response to defocused images that alter eye growth and refraction. It is known that the retina can sense the focus of an image, but the effects of defocused images on signaling of population of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that account either for emmetropization or refractive errors has still to be elucidated. Thorough knowledge of the underlying mechanisms could provide insight to understanding myopia. In this study, we found that focused and defocused images can change both excitatory and inhibitory conductance of ON alpha, OFF alpha and ON-OFF retinal ganglion cells in the mouse retina. The firing patterns of population of RGCs vary under the different powers of defocused images and can be affected by dopamine receptor agonists/antagonists' application. OFF-delayed RGCs or displaced amacrine cells (dACs) with time latency of more than 0.3 s had synchrony firing with other RGCs and/or dACs. These spatial synchrony firing patterns between OFF-delayed cell and other RGCs/dACs were significantly changed by defocused image, which may relate to edge detection. The results suggested that defocused images induced changes in the multineuronal firing patterns and whole cell conductance in the mouse retina. The multineuronal firing patterns can be affected by dopamine receptors' agonists and antagonists. Synchronous firing of OFF-delayed cells is possibly related to edge detection, and understanding of this process may reveal a potential therapeutic target for myopia patients.

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Dopamine D2 receptors preferentially regulate the development of light responses of the inner retina

Cited by 25 publications

References 87 publications

Dopamine D1 Receptors Contribute Critically to the Apomorphine-Induced Inhibition of Form-Deprivation Myopia in Mice

Dopamine D1 Receptors Contribute Critically to the Apomorphine-Induced Inhibition of Form-Deprivation Myopia in Mice

The Development of Mid-Wavelength Photoresponsivity in the Mouse Retina

Defocused Images Change Multineuronal Firing Patterns in the Mouse Retina

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