“…10,25 In most cases, the assessment of material goodness is simply made using the material in an applicative process, 11,26 or following the degradation of the materials via Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Oxidation (TPO), Desorption (TPD) and O 2 -pulse measurements. Other methods used to investigate qualitatively or quantitatively the oxygen availability of perovskite-type materials include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 29,30 secondary ion mass spectrometry, isothermal isotope exchange 31 and oxygen isotopic exchange 28 for the surface oxygen, and thermogravimetric analyses, 10,11,32 diffuse reectance FTIR spectroscopy, 33 near edge X-ray absorption ne structure 11 and oxygen isotopic exchange 28 for the bulk oxygen. Other methods used to investigate qualitatively or quantitatively the oxygen availability of perovskite-type materials include X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 29,30 secondary ion mass spectrometry, isothermal isotope exchange 31 and oxygen isotopic exchange 28 for the surface oxygen, and thermogravimetric analyses, 10,11,32 diffuse reectance FTIR spectroscopy, 33 near edge X-ray absorption ne structure 11 and oxygen isotopic exchange 28 for the bulk oxygen.…”