Doping in sport: A review of medical practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs

Backhouse, Susan H.; McKenna, Jim

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2011.03.002

Cited by 59 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…If the latter is the case, it is interesting to speculate that the findings from this pilot study might be in fact underrepresenting the extent of the problem. However, despite the poor response rates, the absolute number of respondents (sample size) compares favorably with the majority of studies reviewed in the paper by Backhouse and McKenna [4]. With the exception of one large study in which 751 general practitioners were surveyed [6], the mean sample size of the remaining 5 studies in the review is 156 ± 44.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The ethical, legislative and health consequences associated with doping are generally well known; however, despite efforts of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and numerous national anti-doping organizations, the practice continues [4]. It is arguable that this trend will continue and with professional athletes acquiring increasingly more lucrative deals both on and off the field, it is understandable that the professional athlete of tomorrow may perceive the value of sport to be something significantly different to those who came before them [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One would naturally assume that medical doctors and pharmacists would play pivotal roles in the fight against doping in sport and that they would be perfectly positioned to educate, advise and direct both elite and recreational athletes on matters pertaining to doping. Backhouse and McKenna [4] reviewed six studies from five different European countries (France, UK, Italy, Greece, Ireland) that investigated the medical practitioners' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards doping in sport. Overall they found that there was a consensus amongst medical practitioners that they have a role to play in doping preventions however, doping agent knowledge amongst this group was found to be limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-Doping Knowledge and Opinions of South African Pharmacists and General Practitioners

Dorota

Derman

McKune³

et al. 2016

J Sports Med Doping Stud

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Objective: Despite the prevalence of doping in sport and the need for doping prevention strategies, information about doping awareness among medical professionals is limited. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of South African pharmacists (Ps) and general practitioners (GPs) towards doping in sports.Methods: An online survey questionnaire was completed by 98 Ps and 201 GPs the questionnaire incorporated a range of questions that probed the participant's knowledge and attitudes regarding doping in sport. Results:The study findings revealed that both Ps and GPs admitted a poor knowledge of doping-related matters and lacked doping-specific training (>80% of both GPs and Ps had not received any formal training and/or attended any courses or workshops specific to doping in sport). Over 88% of all respondents felt that they were not adequately trained for the role of doping prevention in sport and more than 92% felt that they required further training in relation to doping in sport issues Conclusions: Although Ps fared slightly better when questioned about their knowledge of certain doping relatedtopics, overall it was evident that both groups would benefit from additional training that would focus on expanding their knowledge of prohibited substances and the associated legislature to the possible benefit of their patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anti-Doping Knowledge and Opinions of South African Pharmacists and General Practitioners

Dorota

Derman

McKune³

et al. 2016

J Sports Med Doping Stud

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In practice, evidence indicates anti-doping education policies fail to give sufficient knowledge about WADC obligations among sports physicians and coaches (e.g. Backhouse & McKenna, 2011. More broadly, an Australian survey of knowledge (awareness of rules), attitudes towards doping in sport, and ethical stance around anti-doping practice indicated ASP have a very different experience of anti-doping than might be expected under policies giving effect to the aims of the WADC (Mazanov, Backhouse, Connor, Hemphill & Quirk, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Australian athlete support personnel lived experience of anti-doping

Mazanov

Hemphill

Connor

et al. 2015

Sport Management Review

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Athlete support personnel (ASP) implement drug control policies for sport, such as antidoping. Interviews with 39 ASP reveal how differences between policy and practice play out in their "lived experience" of anti-doping. While most ASP support the ideology underlying anti-doping at a "common sense" level (using popular drug and sporting discourses such as "drugs are bad" and sporting virtue), they are critical of anti-doping practice. Combined with no direct experience with doping, ASP saw doping as a rare event unlikely to emerge in practice. Most ASP took a laissez-faire approach to anti-doping, relying on managers to know what to do in the unlikely event of a doping incident. Despite broadly supporting the ideas of anti-doping, ASP raised concerns around implementation with regards to Athlete Whereabouts and recreational drug use. In response to hypothetical doping events, a number of ASP would seek to persuade the athlete to discontinue doping rather than meet mandatory reporting obligations. Part of this extended from conflicts between professional and antidoping obligations (e.g. mandatory reporting and patient confidentiality). ASP demonstrate anti-doping policies are in tension with a practice that systematically normalises substance based performance enhancement early in sporting careers. Anti-doping agencies need to do more to engage with ASP as the "front line" of drug management in sport, including resolving contradictions across policies and in practice.Keywords: anti-doping; athlete support personnel; qualitative; Australia IntroductionDespite evidence athlete support personnel (ASP) are influential actors in the doping and anti-doping milieu, there is little evidence of how ASP understand, interpret or experience their role. The World Anti-Doping Code (WADC) (WADA, 2009) establishes a framework designed to help ASP meet their obligations to support the aims of the anti-doping ideology.National Anti-Doping Organisations (NADOs) develop policies designed to give effect to the WADC in local contexts. However, evidence suggests that there is a gap between anti-doping policies and the practice of anti-doping in sporting communities (cf Hanstad, Skille & Loland, 2010). In practice, evidence indicates anti-doping education policies fail to give sufficient knowledge about WADC obligations among sports physicians and coaches (e.g. Backhouse & McKenna, 2011. More broadly, an Australian survey of knowledge (awareness of rules), attitudes towards doping in sport, and ethical stance around anti-doping practice indicated ASP have a very different experience of anti-doping than might be expected under policies giving effect to the aims of the WADC (Mazanov, Backhouse, Connor, Hemphill & Quirk, 2013). This paper reports the second qualitative stage of a sequential, qualitative dominant mixed-methods project exploring ASP experience of anti-doping reported by Mazanov et al (2013) (see Section 1.2). More specifically, this qualitative interview study sought to explore and contextualise the relationship b...

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“…Physicians guided by these principles are at risk of being accused of aiding and abetting the doping use, and the most effective prevention and treatment substances prescribed by them are often considered as doping [41]. A doctor experiences difficulties in bypassing contradictions between WADA's requirements and his professional knowledge, experience and responsibilities, which guide him in the interests of a patient in accordance with the Physician's Oath, which is largely due to WADA's woeful ignorance in terms of medicine and physicians' duties [18].…”

Section: The Influence Of the Anti-doping Policy And Practice On The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping in olympic sport: signs of the crisis and ways to overcome it

Платонов

2016

PPS

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Abstract. The paper contains analysis of modern history of the spread of doping in Olympic sport, the IOC's fight against this negative phenomenon and activities of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) established in 1999 and designed to eradicate doping. It is shown that, despite ever-increasing financial and human resources along with expanded legal capabilities, intensive propaganda efforts, increased volume of testing, severe sanctions, support from reputable international organizations (UN, UNESCO, Council of Europe), the Agency's multi-year activities is not only brought the Olympic sport closer to solving the problem, but also dramatically aggravated and made it dangerous for the credibility and the well-being of the Olympic movement. It is not only and not so much about the competition in elite sport, which has dramatically increased recent years, and socio-political and commercial attractiveness of success at the Olympics, but about fundamentally misguided methodology underlying WADA's activities, based on neglect of biological, medical and sports sciences' achievements, and realities of modern elite sports, and drawn up on the ideas of lawyers, economists and "universal managers". The paper outlines in detail outcomes of WADA activities and anti-doping laboratories accredited by the Agency, which manifested themselves in many crisis phenomena moved far beyond the limits of the Olympic sport. Furthermore, the prospects of coming out of the grave crisis developed in this area are delineated.

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Doping in sport: A review of medical practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs

Cited by 59 publications

References 26 publications

Anti-Doping Knowledge and Opinions of South African Pharmacists and General Practitioners

Anti-Doping Knowledge and Opinions of South African Pharmacists and General Practitioners

Australian athlete support personnel lived experience of anti-doping

Doping in olympic sport: signs of the crisis and ways to overcome it

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