Doping-tunable thermal emission from plasmon polaritons in semiconductor epsilon-near-zero thin films

Jun, Young Chul; Luk, Ting S.; Ellis, A. Robert; Klem, John F.; Brener, Igal

doi:10.1063/1.4896573

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…3(b)] 59 . This concept was extended to resonant graphene antennas, where the plasmonic response of the graphene was modulated via a gate 73 , and to doped semiconductors 74 .…”

Section: Tunable Thermal Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic engineering of far-field thermal emitters

et al. 2019

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Thermal emission is a ubiquitous and fundamental process by which all objects at non-zero temperatures radiate electromagnetic energy. This process is often presented to be incoherent in both space and time, resulting in broadband, omnidirectional light emission toward the far field, with a spectral density related to the emitter temperature by Planck's law. Over the past two decades, there has been considerable progress in engineering the spectrum, directionality, polarization, and temporal response of thermally emitted light using nanostructured materials. This review summarizes the basic physics of thermal emission, lays out various nanophotonic approaches to engineer thermal-emission in the far field, and highlights several relevant applications, including energy harvesting, lighting, and radiative cooling. 2 I: IntroductionEvery hot object emits electromagnetic radiation according to the fundamental principles of statistical mechanics. Examples of this phenomenon-dubbed thermal emission (TE)-include sunlight and the glow of an electric stovetop or embers in a fire. The basic physics behind TE from hot objects has been well understood for over a century, as described by Planck's law 1 , which states that an ideal black body (a fictitious object that perfectly absorbs over the entire electromagnetic spectrum and for all incident angles) emits a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation determined by its temperature.Increasing the temperature of a black body results in an increase in emitted intensity, and a skew of the spectral distribution toward shorter wavelengths. A fundamental property of this process is that the thermal emissivity of any object-which quantifies the propensity of that object to generate TE compared to a black body-is determined by its optical absorptivity 1 . The connection between absorption and thermal emission, linked to the time reversibility of microscopic processes, suggests that the temporal and spatial coherence of the TE can be engineered via judicious material selection and patterning.Engineering of TE is of great interest for applications in lighting, thermoregulation, energy harvesting, tagging, and imaging. This review summarizes the basic physics of TE and surveys recent advances in the far-field control of TE via nanophotonic engineering. First, we present the basic formalism that describes TE, and review realizations of narrowband, directional, and dynamically reconfigurable far-field thermal emitters based on nanophotonic structures. Then we review applications of engineered far-field TE, with emphasis on energy and sustainability. II: Theoretical backgroundAt elevated temperatures, the constituents of matter, including electrons and atomic nuclei, possess

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“…3(b)] 59 . This concept was extended to resonant graphene antennas, where the plasmonic response of the graphene was modulated via a gate 73 , and to doped semiconductors 74 .…”

Section: Tunable Thermal Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic engineering of far-field thermal emitters

et al. 2019

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“…In literature, for a qualitative explanation of the emission properties of the different structures, the theory of the blackbody-like radiation 48 is widely used. In particular, this theory was applied for the analysis of the far-infrared emission of semiconductor films, 49,50 structures with 2D electron gas, 51,52 semiconductor plasmonic structures, 53,54 etc.…”

Section: Thz Emission From the Gan Layer With Surface-relief Gratingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of surface plasmon polaritons in heavily doped GaN microstructures with terahertz radiation

Melentev

Shalygin

Vorobjev

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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We present the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the surface plasmon polariton excitations in heavily doped GaN epitaxial layers. Reflection and emission of radiation in the frequency range of 2-20 THz including the Reststrahlen band were investigated for samples with grating etched on the sample surface, as well as for samples with flat surface. The reflectivity spectrum for p-polarized radiation measured for the sample with the surface-relief grating demonstrates a set of resonances associated with excitations of different surface plasmon polariton modes. Spectral peculiarities due to the diffraction effect have been also revealed. The characteristic features of the reflectivity spectrum, namely, frequencies, amplitudes, and widths of the resonance dips, are well described theoretically by a modified technique of rigorous coupled-wave analysis of Maxwell equations. The emissivity spectra of the samples were measured under epilayer temperature modulation by pulsed electric field. The emissivity spectrum of the sample with surface-relief grating shows emission peaks in the frequency ranges corresponding to the decay of the surface plasmon polariton modes. Theoretical analysis based on the blackbody-like radiation theory well describes the main peculiarities of the observed THz emission. V

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“…The first two properties of ENZ materials have been demonstrated within artificial media in the microwave [25] and far infrared and most recently within the visible [26,27] spectral ranges. In addition, strong light coupling to ENZ modes within naturally occurring ENZ materials has been experimentally studied including tunable metamaterials [28], enhanced optical nonlinearity [29,30], ultrafast carrier dynamics [31], thermal emission [32], and perfect absorbers [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of epsilon-near-zero substrates in the optical response of plasmonic antennas

Kim

Dutta

Naik

et al. 2016

Optica

186

119

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Radiation patterns and the resonance wavelength of a plasmonic antenna are significantly influenced by its local environment, particularly its substrate. Here, we experimentally explore the role of dispersive substrates, such as aluminum-or gallium-doped zinc oxide in the near infrared and 4H-silicon carbide in the mid-infrared, upon Au plasmonic antennas, extending from dielectric to metal-like regimes, crossing through epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) conditions. We demonstrate that the vanishing index of refraction within this transition induces a "slowing down" of the rate of spectral shift for the antenna resonance frequency, resulting in an eventual "pinning" of the resonance near the ENZ frequency. This condition corresponds to a strong backward emission with near-constant phase. By comparing heavily doped semiconductors and undoped, polar dielectric substrates with ENZ conditions in the nearand mid-infrared, respectively, we also demonstrate the generality of the phenomenon using both surface plasmon and phonon polaritons, respectively. Furthermore, we also show that the redirected antenna radiation induces a Fano-like interference and an apparent stimulation of optic phonons within SiC.

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Doping-tunable thermal emission from plasmon polaritons in semiconductor epsilon-near-zero thin films

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Nanophotonic engineering of far-field thermal emitters

Nanophotonic engineering of far-field thermal emitters

Interaction of surface plasmon polaritons in heavily doped GaN microstructures with terahertz radiation

Role of epsilon-near-zero substrates in the optical response of plasmonic antennas

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