Doppler cooling of three-level<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi></mml:math>systems by coherent pulse trains

Ilinova, Ekaterina; Derevianko, Andrei

doi:10.1103/physreva.86.023417

Cited by 5 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It corresponds to the period of the frequency modulation of laser radiation in the experiment [23], which provides the excitation of all superfine sublevels of the ground states. The detunings δ 1 and δ 2 should not correspond to the two-photon resonance condition δ 2 − δ 1 = 2πn/T , where n is integer, to avoid the coherent population trapping; otherwise the population of the excited state becomes zero and the light pressure force vanishes [11,33]. As in the case of the two-level model, the pulse duration is τ = 1 ps.…”

Section: B Three-level Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, continuous laser radiation was used for this purpose, but now pulsed laser applications for cooling [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and trapping [12][13][14][15][16] of atoms and molecules are also discussed. In [4] the deceleration of a Na beam by a counterpropagating beam of a mode-locked laser and the appearance of negative velocity atoms were observed for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a very narrow transition, when γ k 2 /m, the minimum of the kinetic energy falls behind its cw counterpart. Laser cooling of atoms by an optical frequency comb (FC) was discussed in [8][9][10][11]. In particular, laser cooling by the FC on two-photon transitions was proposed in [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, laser cooling by the FC on two-photon transitions was proposed in [8]. The theory of light pressure force on two-level and three-level atoms for very short laser pulses (δ-function approximation) and laser cooling was developed in [9][10][11]. Simultaneous laser cooling of multiple atomic species was discussed in [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cooling and trapping of atoms and molecules by counterpropagating pulse trains

et al. 2014

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We discuss a possible one-dimensional trapping and cooling of atoms and molecules due to their nonresonant interaction with counterpropagating light pulse trains. The counterpropagating pulses form a one-dimensional trap for atoms and molecules and a properly chosen carrier frequency detuning from the transition frequency of the atoms or molecules keeps the temperature of the atomic or molecular ensemble close to the Doppler cooling limit. The calculation by the Monte Carlo wave-function method is carried out for the two-level and three-level schemes of the atom's and the molecule's interaction with the field, respectively. The models discussed are applicable to atoms and molecules with almost diagonal Frank-Condon factor arrays. Illustrative calculations are carried out for ensemble-averaged characteristics for sodium atoms and SrF molecules in the trap. The potential for the nanoparticle light pulses's trap formed by counterpropagating light pulse trains is also discussed.

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Section: B Three-level Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cooling and trapping of atoms and molecules by counterpropagating pulse trains

et al. 2014

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“…A laser cooling scheme using ultrafast pulse trains was proposed for the first time in [18]; it is applicable to atomic species whose level structure makes traditional laser cooling difficult. Doppler cooling with coherent trains of ultrashort laser pulses was investigated in recent theoretical papers [19][20][21]. Wide spectral coverage of the FC could allow cooling atoms in a broad velocity range simultaneously [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-comb-induced radiative force on cold rubidium atoms

et al. 2014

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We experimentally investigate the radiative force and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) in cold rubidium atoms induced by pulse-train (frequency-comb) excitation. Three configurations are studied: (i) single-pulse-train excitation, (ii) two in-phase counterpropagating pulse trains, and (iii) two out-of-phase counterpropagating pulse trains. In all configurations, measured LIF is in agreement with calculations based on the optical Bloch equations. The observed forces in the first two configurations are in qualitative agreement with the model(s) used for calculating mechanical action of a pulse train on atoms; however, this is not the case for the third configuration. Possible resolution of the discrepancy is discussed.

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Coherent population trapping with a controlled dissipation: applications in optical metrology

et al. 2018

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We analyze the properties of a pulsed coherent population trapping protocol that uses a controlled decay from the excited state in a Λ-level scheme. We study this problem analytically and numerically and find regimes where narrow transmission, absorption, or fluorescence spectral lines occur. We then look for optimal frequency measurements using these spectral features by computing the Allan deviation in the presence of ground state decoherence and show that the protocol is on a par with Ramsey-CPT. We discuss possible implementations with ensembles of alkali atoms and single ions and demonstrate that typical pulsed-CPT experiments that are realized on femto-second timescales can be implemented on micro-seconds timescales using this scheme.Since its observation [1], coherent-population-trapping (CPT) and its counterpart electromagneticallyinduced-transparency (EIT) [2] have enabled a wide range of experimental achievements. Using a three-level Λ-scheme and exploiting a quantum interference effect in the excited state, coherent transfer of population (STIRAP) between vibrational states [3], efficient cooling of atoms [4], precise atomic clocks [5,6], or light storage [7,8] have been realized. Ramsey-CPT schemes have also been shown to improve the sensitivity of frequency measurements by removing power broadening issues [6]. Further, pulsed-CPT schemes have been investigated theoretically [9][10][11][12][13][14] and experimentally using femto-second lasers [15][16][17] with implications for multimode quantum memories [18].Recently, a novel pulsed-CPT scheme was realized by engineering a Λ-system in the microwave domain and exploiting the hyperfine interaction between the electron spin of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond and a nearby 13 C nuclear spin [19]. The originality of the experiment is that relaxation was externally controlled through optical pumping by a far detuned laser that couples the excited state to the ground state in the Λ-system via a metastable state. By externally controlled dissipation, we mean that the decay from the excited state to the two ground states in the Λ scheme can be triggered at will. In general such a scheme with controlled relaxation is useful for atomic systems where the excited state population lifetime is too long compared to the decoherence mechanisms. Further, compared to schemes where spontaneous emission takes place during the excitation, this method can be used to measure the excited state population while the dark state is being prepared.In this work, we analyze such a pulsed-CPT scheme with a controlled decay from the excited state, both analytically and numerically. We show that interleaving sequences of unitary and fully dissipative steps gives rise to narrow dark transmission and photoluminescence spectral lines whose widths do not depend upon the spontaneous emission rate but solely upon the control pulse area and number of steps. Then, we discuss implications of this scheme for metrology and estimate its precision compared to Ramsey-CPT. Finally, we present...

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Doppler cooling of three-levelΛsystems by coherent pulse trains

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Cooling and trapping of atoms and molecules by counterpropagating pulse trains

Cooling and trapping of atoms and molecules by counterpropagating pulse trains

Frequency-comb-induced radiative force on cold rubidium atoms

Coherent population trapping with a controlled dissipation: applications in optical metrology

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