Doppler Frequency‐Shift Information Processing in WO_x‐Based Memristive Synapse for Auditory Motion Perception

Abstract

Auditory motion perception is one crucial capability to decode and discriminate the spatiotemporal information for neuromorphic auditory systems. Doppler frequency‐shift feature and interaural time difference (ITD) are two fundamental cues of auditory information processing. In this work, the functions of azimuth detection and velocity detection, as the typical auditory motion perception, are demonstrated in a WOx‐based memristive synapse. The WOx memristor presents both the volatile mode (M1) and semi‐nonvolatile mode (M2), which are capable of implementing the high‐pass filtering and processing the spike trains with a relative timing and frequency shift. In particular, the Doppler frequency‐shift information processing for velocity detection is emulated in the WOx memristor based auditory system for the first time, which relies on a scheme of triplet spike‐timing‐dependent‐plasticity in the memristor. These results provide new opportunities for the mimicry of auditory motion perception and enable the auditory sensory system to be applied in future neuromorphic sensing.

Emulation of auditory senses depending on chaotic dynamics of threshold switching memristor

“…The intensity of an auditory pattern is typically analyzed and labeled using a trained memristor network. In addition to azimuth detection, velocity detection has been emulated according to Doppler frequency‐shift feature in the synaptic WO x memristor for the first time 20 . Even though the precision of sound location has been greatly enhanced through improvements in the algorithm for weight modification, the memristor network still suffers from poor consistency in memristor resistance.…”

“…2,13 To address these issues, researchers have proposed memristor-based neuromorphic computing paradigms owing to the low power consumption and analogy with biological features. 5,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] These studies focused on sound location according to the ITD model and used nonvolatile memristors as synapses in an artificial neural network. The intensity of an auditory pattern is typically analyzed and labeled using a trained memristor network.…”

“…In addition to azimuth detection, velocity detection has been emulated according to Doppler frequency-shift feature in the synaptic WO x memristor for the first time. 20 Even though the precision of sound location has been greatly enhanced through improvements in the algorithm for weight modification, the memristor network still suffers from poor consistency in memristor resistance. A supplemental circuit to offset the undulation of the resistance variation rate is required, which results in not only a redundancy in the hardware, but also a computational burden on the algorithm.…”

All-Fiber Synapse Utilizing Phase Change Materials for Information Recognition and Processing

“…In the human brain, information transmission, memory, and preprocessing can occur simultaneously in a single cell–synapse, which relies on the updating mechanism of synaptic weight ( w ). − One important weight update mechanism is STDP, which reveals that the synapses increase or decrease their transmitting and memory ability exponentially depending on the spike timing difference (Δ t = t pre – t post ) between the presynaptic and postsynaptic spikes. − The STDP is not only a general learning rule but also has received attention in application-based contexts. This mechanism is widely used in neuromorphic circuits to accelerate calculate to realize pulse timing detection, information learning and recognitions, − data classifications, and directional selectivity …”

“…This mechanism is widely used in neuromorphic circuits to accelerate calculate to realize pulse timing detection, 13 information learning and recognitions, 14−16 data classifications, 8 and directional selectivity. 17 The research on photonic synapses is still in its infancy. 18 Several photonic synapses have been proposed to emulate the STDP.…”