Doppler only localization in GSM-based passive radar

Abstract

The localization in a classical multistatic passive radar is based on finding bistatic ellipsoid crossing with at least three pairs of transmitter-receiver. The localization accuracy is dependent on the geometry and bandwidth of the illumination signal. For narrow band signals like GSM cellular phone transmission the bistatic range resolution is very poor, in a range of several kilometers. The paper presents an alternative solution -exploitation of Doppler information and localization based on Doppler-only measurements. Because there were 4 unknowns (in 2-D localization: two spatial and to velocity components) or 6 unknowns (in 3D localization) it is necessary to have at least 4 or 6 bistatic measurements to localized the target. The paper presents the theory of Doppler-only target localization in GSM passive radar, related simulation results and accuracy considerations.

Opportunistic Doppler-Only Indoor Localization Via Passive Radar

“…where ∆T is the step time or system measurement rate. w(k) represents the processing noise for x k , according to [15], it is modeled as uncorrelated Gaussian model w(k) ∼ N (v, Q), Q is the covariance matrix given as (12):…”

“…Due to the bandwidth of available signal, the measurement on x k and y k are too coarse for indoor scenario. However, previous work shows the passive radar could achieve high Doppler resolution [13], [15]. After removal the bistatic range components, the measurement model is given as: h m (x k ) = v m (x k ).…”

“…After removal the bistatic range components, the measurement model is given as: h m (x k ) = v m (x k ). The Taylor expansion introduced by [16] has been used, and the Jacobian matrix of h m (x k ) can be expressed as (15):…”

Using DTMB‐Based Passive Radar for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Detection

“…As its features of no dedicated transmitter and no frequency assignment, passive radar has attracted wide attention from academia and industry. FM radio [1,2], digital TV [3,4], mobile communications [5,6], Wi-Fi [7,8], WiMAX [9][10][11], satellite communications [12,13], and many other IOs have been exploited for passive radar, which makes it achieve remarkable development over the years.…”

3D MCRLB Evaluation of a UMTS-Based Passive Multistatic Radar Operating in a Line-of-Sight Environment

“…Email: {13mseemjaved, sajid.ali, ali.hassan}@seecs.edu.pk studies have been conducted on various signals like analog audio FM [3], digital audio & video broadcast (DAB & DVB) in [4] & [5], cellular telephone like second generation (2G) global system for mobile (GSM) [6], 3G UMTS [7], 4G long term evolution (LTE) [9], wireless fidelity (WiFi) [8], worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) [10] and recently wireless regional area network (WRAN) cognitive radio (IEEE 802.22) [11].…”