Doppler shift effects on infrared band models

Fast Doppler shift acquisition method for hypersonic vehicle communications

“…First, the deep attenuation encountered by the surrounding plasma sheath, which is generated by large amounts of heat that is converted from the kinetic energy of vehicles [7, 8], and the limited transmission power of the antenna on a hypersonic vehicle are likely to result in very low received signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) signals. Second, the relatively high‐speed movement between the transmitter–receiver pair causes a very large Doppler shift, with a magnitude of as large as 1.5 MHz in the Ka band at Mach 20 [9, 10], which seriously degrades the carrier synchronisation for signal recovery at the receiver end. Moreover, there exists Doppler shift variation when the hypersonic vehicle is in manoeuvering flight.…”