Dorsal root ganglion stimulation attenuates the BOLD signal response to noxious sensory input in specific brain regions: Insights into a possible mechanism for analgesia

Electrical Stimulation of Dorsal Root Ganglion in the Context of Pain: A Systematic Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Animal Model Studies

“…Main features of in vivo studies are shown in Table , divided by the type of stimulation in PRF stimulation group and EFS group . In all in vivo studies, SD rats weighing from 149 to 350 g were used.…”

“…Within the PRF group, four out of six studies used SNL model to induce neuropathic pain , one study used spared nerve injury (SNI) model and one used chronic constriction injury (CCI) model . In the EFS group one study used tibial nerve injury (TNI) model to induce neuropathic pain and one used acute noxious stimulation of hind paw .…”

Nonlinear Relation Between Burst Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation Amplitude and Behavioral Outcome in an Experimental Model of Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

“…The impact of the high duty cycle of Burst‐DRGS may therefore preclude the strength–duration and charge–duration relationship from defining the relationship between single pulse parameters and neural activation thresholds. Besides these electrophysiological findings, DRGS has been linked to attenuation of brain areas that are considered to be part of the pain matrix like the contralateral thalamic VPL/VPM nuclei, and cortical S1 and S2 , and one can argue that also spinal mechanisms may underlie DRGS as modulating firing rates of DRG neurons by DRGS may also affect interneurons and GABAergic systems in the dorsal horn as is the case in traditional SCS . However, more research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of DRGS and its relation to specific waveforms, like Burst‐DRGS and/or individual DRGS‐stimulation parameters, like amplitude.…”

Neurophysiological Effects of Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation (DRGS) in Pain Processing at the Cortical Level

“…Our results support the validity of DRGS as a form of neuromodulation treatment based on neurophysiological mechanisms . DRGS may restore the functional response to pain and thus improve analgesia . The restored N2–P2 amplitudes we detected through LEP recordings suggest that DRGS may normalize pain signal transfer from the periphery to supraspinal levels through the thermo‐algesic pathways by restoring high‐frequency AP filtering together with pain processing modulation at the cortical level.…”