Dorsal Root Injury for the Study of Spinal Cord Injury Repair

Aldskogius, Håkan; Kozlova, Elena N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-197-4_5

Cited by 2 publications

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References 111 publications

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“…Which animal model best replicates the pathophysiology of paraplegia after open and endovascular repair? It is well known that the blood supply to the spinal cord varies across species, which raises the question of which model is the most appropriate to conduct basic science research [ 147 ]. Once the ideal animal model is developed to test therapeutics, there is another obstacle which researchers must consider, the mismatch which often occurs between the size of the lesion within the spinal cord observed on imaging and the functional symptoms of the lesion in the spinal cord.…”

Section: Part 2 – Selected Gaps In Knowledge and Future Direction Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Cardiothoracic Surgical Critical Care Medicine as a Medical Science: A Call to Action

et al. 2022

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Cardiothoracic surgical critical care medicine (CT-CCM) is a medical discipline centered on the perioperative care of diverse groups of patients. With an aging demographic and an increase in burden of chronic diseases the utilization of cardiothoracic surgical critical care units is likely to escalate in the coming decades. Given these projections, it is important to assess the state of cardiothoracic surgical intensive care, to develop goals and objectives for the future, and to identify knowledge gaps in need of scientific inquiry. This two-part review concentrates on CT-CCM as its own subspeciality of critical care and cardiothoracic surgery and provides aspirational goals for its practitioners and scientists. In part one, a list of guiding principles and a call-to-action agenda geared towards growth and promotion of CT-CCM are offered. In part two, an evaluation of selected scientific data is performed, identifying gaps in CT-CCM knowledge, and recommending direction to future scientific endeavors.

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Section: Part 2 – Selected Gaps In Knowledge and Future Direction Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Cardiothoracic Surgical Critical Care Medicine as a Medical Science: A Call to Action

et al. 2022

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“…Already Ramon y Cajal made the conclusion from his experiment that whereas injury to the peripheral branch of dorsal root ganglia is followed by axonal regeneration and reconnection with peripheral targets, injury to the central branch results in abortive axonal growth [16]. A detailed description of the different dorsal root injury approaches, their advantages and disadvantages were provided previously [17]. Restoration of functions that are lost following dorsal root injury requires that injured dorsal root axons are able to extend axons through a non-permissive environment, which is rapidly building up at the DREZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsal Root Injury—A Model for Exploring Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies in Spinal Cord Injury

Aldskogius

Kozlova

2021

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Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms of spinal cord injury is fundamental for our possibility to develop successful therapeutic approaches. These approaches need to address the issues of the emergence of a non-permissive environment for axonal growth in the spinal cord, in combination with a failure of injured neurons to mount an effective regeneration program. Experimental in vivo models are of critical importance for exploring the potential clinical relevance of mechanistic findings and therapeutic innovations. However, the highly complex organization of the spinal cord, comprising multiple types of neurons, which form local neural networks, as well as short and long-ranging ascending or descending pathways, complicates detailed dissection of mechanistic processes, as well as identification/verification of therapeutic targets. Inducing different types of dorsal root injury at specific proximo-distal locations provide opportunities to distinguish key components underlying spinal cord regeneration failure. Crushing or cutting the dorsal root allows detailed analysis of the regeneration program of the sensory neurons, as well as of the glial response at the dorsal root-spinal cord interface without direct trauma to the spinal cord. At the same time, a lesion at this interface creates a localized injury of the spinal cord itself, but with an initial neuronal injury affecting only the axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons, and still a glial cell response closely resembling the one seen after direct spinal cord injury. In this review, we provide examples of previous research on dorsal root injury models and how these models can help future exploration of mechanisms and potential therapies for spinal cord injury repair.

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Dorsal Root Injury for the Study of Spinal Cord Injury Repair

Cited by 2 publications

References 111 publications

The Future of Cardiothoracic Surgical Critical Care Medicine as a Medical Science: A Call to Action

The Future of Cardiothoracic Surgical Critical Care Medicine as a Medical Science: A Call to Action

Dorsal Root Injury—A Model for Exploring Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies in Spinal Cord Injury

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